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'''Bill Clinton''' (formally '''William Jefferson Clinton'''; born William Jefferson Blythe III) (b.August 19, 1946), was the 40th president of the United States, elected twice with [[Plurality| pluralities]] in 1992 and  1996. Previously he had served as governor of Arkansas. In the post-[[Cold War]] era his administration was characterized by reduced defence spending which produced a budget surplus, lower [[interest rate]]s and excessive stock and real estate and bubbles.  The U.S. House of Representatives impeached Clinton for [[obstruction of justice]] and [[perjury]], while the Senate failed along party lines to convict.  Clinton later was found in contempt by a federal judge for lying under oath and subsequently barred from ever practising law again.  

'''Bill Clinton''' (formally '''William Jefferson Clinton'''; born William Jefferson Blythe III) (b.August 19, 1946), was the 40th president of the United States, elected twice with [[Plurality| pluralities]] in 1992 and  1996. Previously he had served as governor of Arkansas. In the post-[[Cold War]] era his administration was characterized by reduced defence spending which produced a budget surplus, lower [[interest rate]]s and excessive stock and real estate and bubbles.  The U.S. House of Representatives impeached Clinton for [[obstruction of justice]] and [[perjury]], while the Senate failed along party lines to convict.  Clinton later was found in contempt by a federal judge for lying under oath and subsequently barred from ever practising law again.  

Like Ronald Reagan and Barack Obama, Clinton used his rhetorical skills to achieve political success; he survived in office despite legislative defeats, repeated scandal (he was notorious for his [[sexist]] improprieties) and impeachment.<ref> Whittington (1997)</ref>   

Clinton and his wife, First Lady [[Hillary Rodham Clinton]], are credited for making commonplace the [[politics of demonization]] in modern American political discourse. He survived in office despite legislative defeats, repeated scandal (he was notorious for his [[sexist]] improprieties) and impeachment.<ref> Whittington (1997)</ref>   

After leaving the White House, he became a well-paid speaker in [[liberal]] circles. His wife, [[Hillary Rodham Clinton]], was elected to the Senate from New York in 2000 and 2006, and in 2009 became the third female Secretary of State. Clinton was the major fundraiser and campaigner for his wife, but failed to win the African American vote to neutralize Hillary's main opponent, [[Barack Obama]] in the 2008 Democratic presidential primaries.

After leaving the White House, he became a well-paid speaker in [[liberal]] circles. His wife, [Hillary Clinton, was elected to the Senate from New York in 2000 and 2006, and in 2009 became the third female Secretary of State. Clinton was the major fundraiser and campaigner for his wife, but failed to win the African American vote to neutralize Hillary's main opponent, [[Barack Obama]] in the 2008 Democratic presidential primaries.

== Early Life ==

== Early Life ==