Changes

According to FBI surveillance in 1943, Nelson (who often visited Oppenheimer's wife in Berkeley)<ref>Rachel Teukolsky, "[http://sciencereview.berkeley.edu/articles/issue1/scientistx.pdf Regarding Scientist X: Big Science, the War Effort, and Communist Activity at Berkeley Radiation Lab (1929-1949)]," ''Berkeley Science Review'' Issue 1 (Spring 2001), p. 18</ref> advised Weinberg "that OPPENHEIMER had indicated to him the basic idea of the project";<ref>[[#refCINRAD|CINRAD]]: 26 (PDF 28)</ref> in 1945, Jack Manley would state that “Oppenheimer told Steven Nelson several years ago that the Army was working on the atomic bomb.”<ref>M. Stanton Evans, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=vz42rDYmf3wC Blacklisted by History: The Untold Story of Senator Joe McCarthy and His Fight Against America's Enemies]'' (New York: Crown Forum, 2007), ISBN 978-1-4000-8105-9, p. 318, fn.</ref>

According to FBI surveillance in 1943, Nelson (who often visited Oppenheimer's wife in Berkeley)<ref>Rachel Teukolsky, "[http://sciencereview.berkeley.edu/articles/issue1/scientistx.pdf Regarding Scientist X: Big Science, the War Effort, and Communist Activity at Berkeley Radiation Lab (1929-1949)]," ''Berkeley Science Review'' Issue 1 (Spring 2001), p. 18</ref> advised Weinberg "that OPPENHEIMER had indicated to him the basic idea of the project";<ref>[[#refCINRAD|CINRAD]]: 26 (PDF 28)</ref> in 1945, Jack Manley would state that “Oppenheimer told Steven Nelson several years ago that the Army was working on the atomic bomb.”<ref>M. Stanton Evans, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=vz42rDYmf3wC Blacklisted by History: The Untold Story of Senator Joe McCarthy and His Fight Against America's Enemies]'' (New York: Crown Forum, 2007), ISBN 978-1-4000-8105-9, p. 318, fn.</ref>

Merkulov reported to [[Lavrenty Beria|Beria]], "In 1942 one of the leaders of scientific work on uranium in the USA, Professor R. Oppenheimer... informed us about the beginning of work. On the request of Comrade [[Grigory Kheifetz|Kheifitz]],<ref>NKVD ''[[rezident]]'' (station chief), San Francisco. Robert L. Benson, ''[http://www.nsa.gov/about/_files/cryptologic_heritage/publications/coldwar/venona_story.pdf The Venona Story]'' (Fort George G. Meade, Md.: National Security Agency, Center for Cryptologic History, 2001), p. 41</ref> confirmed by [[Earl Browder|Comrade Browder]], he provided cooperation in access to research for several of our tested sources including a relative of Comrade Browder."<ref>[http://www.wilsoncenter.org/index.cfm?topic_id=1409&fuseaction=va2.document&identifier=5034E2FB-96B6-175C-967BCF8290DD3AD9&sort=Collection&item=Intelligence%20Operations%20in%20the%20Cold%20War Merkulov to Beria, 2 October 1944], Cold War International History Project, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars</ref> (Browder's niece, [[Helen Lowry]], was a Soviet agent married to [[Iskhak Akhmerov]],<ref>[[#refHKV09|Haynes, Klehr, Vassiliev 2009]]: 234, 218, 239, 486, 503</ref> the leading [[NKVD]] "illegal" in the United States.)<ref>[[#refHK99|Haynes, Klehr 1999]]: 154</ref> Schecter concludes that Oppenheimer “was being used as a Soviet intelligence asset by the Communist Underground to help obtain atomic secrets.”<ref>[http://www.wilsoncenter.org/index.cfm?topic_id=1409&fuseaction=topics.publications&doc_id=43900&group_id=13349 Was Oppenheimer a Soviet Spy? A Roundtable Discussion with Jerrold and Leona Schecter, Gregg Herken and Hayden Peake], Cold War International History Project, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars</ref>

Merkulov reported to [[Lavrenty Beria|Beria]], "In 1942 one of the leaders of scientific work on uranium in the USA, Professor R. Oppenheimer... informed us about the beginning of work. On the request of Comrade [[Grigory Kheifetz|Kheifitz]],<ref>NKVD ''[[rezident]]'' (station chief), San Francisco. Robert L. Benson, ''[http://www.nsa.gov/about/_files/cryptologic_heritage/publications/coldwar/venona_story.pdf The Venona Story]'' (Fort George G. Meade, Md.: National Security Agency, Center for Cryptologic History, 2001), p. 41</ref> confirmed by [[Earl Browder|Comrade Browder]], he provided cooperation in access to research for several of our tested sources including a relative of Comrade Browder."<ref>[http://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/111512 Merkulov to Beria, 2 October 1944], Cold War International History Project, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars</ref> (Browder's niece, [[Helen Lowry]], was a Soviet agent married to [[Iskhak Akhmerov]],<ref>[[#refHKV09|Haynes, Klehr, Vassiliev 2009]]: 234, 218, 239, 486, 503</ref> the leading [[NKVD]] "illegal" in the United States.)<ref>[[#refHK99|Haynes, Klehr 1999]]: 154</ref> Schecter concludes that Oppenheimer “was being used as a Soviet intelligence asset by the Communist Underground to help obtain atomic secrets.”<ref>[http://www.wilsoncenter.org/index.cfm?topic_id=1409&fuseaction=topics.publications&doc_id=43900&group_id=13349 Was Oppenheimer a Soviet Spy? A Roundtable Discussion with Jerrold and Leona Schecter, Gregg Herken and Hayden Peake], Cold War International History Project, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars</ref>

====The Chevalier incident====

====The Chevalier incident====