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'''Fundamentalism''' was a movement among Christians in the United States that began in the late 19th century. It was a backlash against [[Modernism]], which the Fundamentalists accused of denying such Christian doctrines such as [[virgin birth]] and the inerrantcy of Scripture. The name comes from a series of pamphlets entitled ''The Fundamentals'' that were published between 1910 and 1915.<ref>"[http://www.wheaton.edu/isae/defining-evangelicalism/fundamentalism Fundamentalism]”, Institute for the Study of American Evangelicals</ref> The movement is associated with the 1925 [[Scopes Trial]], which concerned the issue of evolution. The movement suffered a decline in the 1930s, possibly related to economic conditions at that time. In 1942, the National Evangelical Association was founded to coordinate activity. In the 1950s, the movement was again active and [[Billy Graham]]'s revivals were highly publicized. Graham popularized the use of the word “evangelical” to refer to the mainstream of the movement. Since the 1970s, it has been the practice of the media to label a diverse collection of religious factions as "fundamentalist." The best known of these is the conservative faction of the [[Southern Baptist Convention|Southern Baptists]].<ref>Houghton, George, [http://sharperiron.org/are-conservative-southern-baptists-fundamentalists Are Conservative Southern Baptists Fundamentalists? ], SharperIron.<br/>The 1925 version of the “[http://www.sbc.net/bfm/bfmcomparison.asp Baptist Faith and Message]" affirms “Christian fundamentals," but there is no equivalent affirmation in the current statement.</ref> Few contemporary groups accept the label.

'''Fundamentalism''' was a movement among Christians in the United States that began in the late 19th century. It was a backlash against [[Modernism]], which the Fundamentalists accused of denying such Christian doctrines such as [[virgin birth]] and the inerrantcy of Scripture. The name comes from a series of pamphlets entitled ''The Fundamentals'' that were published between 1910 and 1915.<ref>"[http://www.wheaton.edu/isae/defining-evangelicalism/fundamentalism Fundamentalism]”, Institute for the Study of American Evangelicals</ref> The movement is associated with the 1925 [[Scopes Trial]], which concerned the issue of evolution. The movement suffered a decline in the 1930s, possibly related to economic conditions at that time. In 1942, the National Evangelical Association was founded to coordinate activity. In the 1950s, the movement was again active and [[Billy Graham]]'s revivals were highly publicized. Graham popularized the use of the word “evangelical” to refer to the mainstream of the movement. In the late 1950s, a group led by ''Sword of the Lord'' editor [[John Rice]] broke away to reestablish the fundamentalist movement. Since the 1970s, it has been the practice of the media to label a diverse collection of religious factions as "fundamentalist." The best known of these is the conservative faction of the [[Southern Baptist Convention|Southern Baptists]], which does not accept the label.<ref>Houghton, George, [http://sharperiron.org/are-conservative-southern-baptists-fundamentalists Are Conservative Southern Baptists Fundamentalists?], SharperIron.<br/>The 1925 version of the “[http://www.sbc.net/bfm/bfmcomparison.asp Baptist Faith and Message]" affirms “Christian fundamentals," but there is no equivalent affirmation in the current statement.</ref>

===Definitions of Christian fundamentalism===

===Definitions of Christian fundamentalism===

The term "Fundamentalist" is a historical term originating in the 1920s to describe a specific group of Protestants--including their beliefs and their behavior. Determining a precise meaning by which a Fundamentalist may be defined is often difficult to do because there is great overlap of beliefs within the general category of Evangelicals. In ''Understanding Fundamentalism and Evangelicalism'', George M. Marsden states:

The term "Fundamentalist" is a historical term originating in the 1920s to describe a specific group of Protestants--including their beliefs and their behavior. Determining a precise meaning by which a Fundamentalist may be defined is often difficult to do because there is great overlap of beliefs within the general category of Evangelicals. In ''Understanding Fundamentalism and Evangelicalism'', George M. Marsden states: