Changes

'''The Hubble law''' relates the velocity (<math>v</math>) of the expansion of the universe to the distance (<math>r</math>) to the source. This simple physical law was established by [[Edwin Hubble|E.Hubble]] who in 1929 had discovered that the universe is expanding, and this interpretation of the evidence of redshifts found in starlight has been strengthen ever since.<ref name="starlight">{{cite book| last = Hartnett| first = John| authorlink = | title = Starlight, Time and the New Physics| publisher = Creation Ministries International|year = 2007|isbn = 978-0-949-906687|pages=57-61|quote=}}</ref> In simple words, the law states that the universe is indeed expanding in a way that further the galaxy receding from us, the greater its receding velocity.<ref name="CSR">{{cite book  

'''The Hubble law''' relates the velocity (<math>v</math>) of the [[Expanding universe|expansion of the universe]] to the distance (<math>r</math>) to the source. This simple physical law was established by [[Edwin Hubble|E.Hubble]] who in 1929 interpreted the new observations into conclusion that the universe is expanding, and this interpretation of the evidence of [[redshift]]s found in starlight has been strengthen ever since.<ref name="starlight">{{cite book| last = Hartnett| first = John| authorlink = | title = Starlight, Time and the New Physics| publisher = Creation Ministries International|year = 2007|isbn = 978-0-949-906687|pages=57-61|quote=}}</ref> In simple words, the law states that the universe is indeed expanding in a way that further the galaxy receding from us, the greater its receding velocity.<ref name="CSR">{{cite book  

|author=Moshe Carmeli

|author=Moshe Carmeli

|title=Cosmological Special Relativity, The Large-Scale Structure of Space, Time and Velocity, 2nd Edition

|title=Cosmological Special Relativity, The Large-Scale Structure of Space, Time and Velocity, 2nd Edition

|isbn=9-789-02-4936-5

|isbn=9-789-02-4936-5

|quote=

|quote=

}}</ref>  

}}</ref> Nevertheless, several authors made a point that Hubble's observations suggested a quadratic rather than linear relation. The linear functional dependence was inspired by the De Sitter's model of the Universe, namely by his allegiance to [[general relativity]]. According to Capria, Hubble simply read his [[a priori]] expectations into his data.{{#tag:ref|cf. ''"The outstanding feature, however, is the [[Logic of possibility|possibility]] that the velocity-distance relation may represent the Sitter effect, and hence that numerical data may be introduced into discussions of the general [[Spatial curvature|curvature of space]]."''<ref>{{cite web |title=A relation between distance and radial velocity among extra-galactic nebulae |author=Edwin Hubble |date=January 17, 1929 |publisher=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |pages=15: 168–173|url=http://www.pnas.org/content/15/3/168.short |accessdate=June 9, 2013}}</ref>|group=note}} and to the end of his life did not endorse the view that his discovery was a ''decisive evidence'' for the expanding universe cosmology<ref name="Capria">{{cite book |author=Marco M. Capria, Aubert Daigneaut et al. |title=Physics Before and After Einstein |publisher=IOS Press |year=2005 |chapter=6. The Rebirth of Cosmology:From the Static to Expanding Universe |pages=148|isbn=1-58603-462-6 |url=http://www.dmi.unipg.it/~mamone/pubb/PBAE.pdf |quote=}}</ref>

==Formula==

==Formula==

:<math>v=H_0 r</math>

:<math>v=H_0 r</math>

where <math>H_0</math> is a constant of proportionality called the '''''[[Hubble constant]]'''''  

where:

*<math>H_0</math> is a controversial constant of proportionality called the '''''[[Hubble constant]]'''''{{#tag:ref|According to Capria, the value of [[Hubble constant]] depends on the cosmological model<ref name="Capria"/>:

According to [[John Hartnett|J.Hartnett]] the Hubble constant is not truly constant but it has emerged that there is an inherent scale dependence to its value. Thus, its determination depends on method used and on the distances to the sources.<ref name="starlight"/> The Hubble law written in an invariant way that enables one to derive a four-dimensional transformation similar to the [[Lorentz transformation]] is part of [[Moshe Carmeli|M.Carmeli]]'s new theory of [[Cosmological special relativity]].<ref name="CSR"/>

According to [[John Hartnett|J.Hartnett]] the Hubble constant is not truly constant but it has emerged that there is an inherent scale dependence to its value. Thus, its determination depends on method used and on the distances to the sources.<ref name="starlight"/> The Hubble law written in an invariant way that enables one to derive a four-dimensional transformation similar to the [[Lorentz transformation]] is part of [[Moshe Carmeli|M.Carmeli]]'s new theory of [[Cosmological special relativity]].<ref name="CSR"/>  

==See Also==

==See Also==

*[[Quasar]]

*[[Quasar]]

==References==

==References==

[[Category:Astronomy]]

[[Category:Astronomy]]

[[Category:Cosmology]]

[[Category:Cosmology]]