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'''Taiwan''', also '''Formosa''', is an island state and a democracy in East Asia. In 2012, it had the 20th largest economy in the world, according to the [[International Monetary Fund]].<ref>Taiwan's GDP for 2012 was $902 billion (PPP).</ref> Neighboring states include China to the west, Japan to the east and northeast, and the Philippines to the south. The capital city is [[Taipei]] in the north of the island. Known for its natural beauty, the country is 245 miles long and 89 miles wide, with a steep central mountain range and plains on the west coast.
'''Taiwan''', also '''Formosa''', is an island state and a democracy in East Asia. The population was 23.3 million in 2013 and the dominant language is Chinese. In 2012, it had the 20th largest economy in the world, according to the [[International Monetary Fund]].<ref>Taiwan's GDP for 2012 was $902 billion (PPP).</ref> Neighboring states include China to the west, Japan to the east and northeast, and the Philippines to the south. The capital is [[Taipei]] in the north of the island. Known for its natural beauty, the country is 245 miles long and 89 miles wide, with a steep central mountain range and plains on the west coast.
The Dutch East India Company had a trading post on Taiwan in the 17th century. The island was acquired by Japan in 1895 as a result of the Sino-Japanese War. It was returned to China in 1945 at the end of World War II. The current division between Taiwan and the mainland originated in 1949, when the Nationalist Party, defeated by the communists in the Chinese Civil War, fled the mainland and relocated to Taiwan.
The Dutch East India Company had a trading post on Taiwan in the 17th century. The island was acquired by Japan in 1895 as a result of the Sino-Japanese War. It was returned to China in 1945 at the end of World War II. The current division between Taiwan and the mainland originated in 1949, when the Nationalist Party, defeated by the communists in the Chinese Civil War, fled the mainland and relocated to Taiwan.