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This account was written around AD 100. As Plutarch visited Alexandria, he would have noticed if the institution still existed in his time. Strabo visited Alexandria in 20 BC and wrote a detailed description of the palace and the Musaeum, but he does not mention the library.<ref>[http://www.bede.org.uk/library.htm The Mysterious Fate of the Great Library of Alexandria]", ''Bede's Library''</ref> This suggests that the library no longer existed at the time of Strabo's visit, at least not as a separate building.

This account was written around AD 100. As Plutarch visited Alexandria, he would have noticed if the institution still existed in his time. Strabo visited Alexandria in 20 BC and wrote a detailed description of the palace and the Musaeum, but he does not mention the library.<ref>[http://www.bede.org.uk/library.htm The Mysterious Fate of the Great Library of Alexandria]", ''Bede's Library''</ref> This suggests that the library no longer existed at the time of Strabo's visit, at least not as a separate building.

Plutarch transcribes a speech by a supporter of Augustus which includes this accusation against Anthony: "He had bestowed upon [Cleopatra] the libraries from Pergamum, in which there were 200,000 volumes." [[Edward Gibbon]] suggests that Cleopatra rebuilt the library using these volumes as the basis of a new collection.<ref>Gibbon, Edward, ''The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire'', Chapter 28, Note 041, "The ''old'' library of the Ptolemies was ''totally'' consumed in Caesar's Alexandrian war. Marc Antony gave the whole collection of Pergamus (200,000 volumes) to Cleopatra, as the foundation of the ''new'' library of Alexandria."</ref> But the tone of the speech is propagandistic, there is no suggestion that Plutarch concurs with any of the accusations it makes, and it does not say what library the Pergamum books were taken to.  

Plutarch transcribes a speech by a supporter of Augustus which includes this accusation against Anthony: "He had bestowed upon [Cleopatra] the libraries from Pergamum, in which there were 200,000 volumes." English historian [[Edward Gibbon]] suggests that Cleopatra rebuilt the library using these volumes as the basis of a new collection.<ref>Gibbon, Edward, ''The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire'', Chapter 28, Note 041, "The ''old'' library of the Ptolemies was ''totally'' consumed in Caesar's Alexandrian war. Marc Antony gave the whole collection of Pergamus (200,000 volumes) to Cleopatra, as the foundation of the ''new'' library of Alexandria."</ref> But the tone of the speech is propagandistic, there is no suggestion that Plutarch concurs with any of the accusations it makes, and it does not say what library the Pergamum books were taken to.  

Alexandria again become a center of learning under the Romans. It had several major libraries, including the Seraphim. The Musaeum was burned down by Aurelian in 272, along with whatever library holdings it contained. In the fourth century, the books in Alexandria's libraries were removed. (They may have been taken to Constantinople). As a pagan temple, the Seraphim was leveled by Bishop Theophilus in AD 391. Based on this incident, Gibbon accused Christians of destroying the library.<ref>Gibbon, Edward, ''The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire'', Chapter 28, "The valuable library of Alexandria was pillaged or destroyed; and near twenty years afterwards, the appearance of the empty shelves excited the regret and indignation of every spectator whose mind was not totally darkened by religious prejudice."</ref>

Alexandria again become a center of learning under the Romans. It had several major libraries, including the Seraphim. The Musaeum was burned down by Aurelian in 272, along with whatever library holdings it contained. In the fourth century, the books in Alexandria's libraries were removed. (They may have been taken to Constantinople). As a pagan temple, the Seraphim was leveled by Bishop Theophilus in AD 391. Based on this incident, Gibbon accused Christians of destroying the library.<ref>Gibbon, Edward, ''The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire'', Chapter 28, "The valuable library of Alexandria was pillaged or destroyed; and near twenty years afterwards, the appearance of the empty shelves excited the regret and indignation of every spectator whose mind was not totally darkened by religious prejudice."</ref>