| − | Sounds unique to Eastern European languages were once written with two letter combination called "digraphs." Jan Hus proposed the use of diacritics in ''De Ortographia Bohemica'' (1412). Eight upper case characters with diacritics are included in International Morse Code: Ä, Á, Å, Ch (a Czech digraph), É, Ñ, Ö, and Ü. This system also includes the twenty-six characters of the Latin alphabet, ten numerals, and punctuation. It was developed by Friedrich Clemens Gerke in 1848 and was adopted as an international standard in 1865. Extended ASCII, an eight-bit encoding standard introduced in 1981 with the IBM PC, has 37 characters with diacritics, both upper case and lower case. Latin-1 is a slightly revised version of this standard that is still in use.<ref>[http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0080.pdf Controls and Latin-1 Supplement], Unicode, Inc.</ref> Unicode, implemented by the Windows operating system since 2000, includes a comprehensive collection of Nordic, Eastern European, and even Asian characters. | + | Sounds unique to Eastern European languages were once written with two letter combination called "digraphs." Jan Hus proposed the use of diacritics in ''De Ortographia Bohemica'' (1412). Eight upper case characters with diacritics are included in International Morse Code: Ä, Á, Å, Ch (a Czech digraph), É, Ñ, Ö, and Ü. This system also includes the twenty-six characters of the Latin alphabet, ten numerals, and punctuation. It was developed by Friedrich Clemens Gerke in 1848 and was adopted as an international standard in 1865. |
| | + | IBM introduced Extended ASCII, an eight-bit encoding standard, with the original PC in 1981. This standard includes 37 characters with diacritics, both upper case and lower case. Latin-1, a slightly revised version the IBM standard, has been adopted as an international standard.<ref>[http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0080.pdf Controls and Latin-1 Supplement], Unicode, Inc.</ref> Unicode, implemented by the Windows operating system since 2000, includes a comprehensive collection of Nordic, Eastern European, and even Asian characters. |