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+ Branches and subject matter of natural philsophy
Western natural philosophy began with eminent [[Ancient Greece|Greek]] pre-Socratic philosophers such as [[Thales]], [[Anaximander]], possibly [[Pythagoras]], [[Heraclitus]], [[Anaxagoras]], [[Empedocles]] and [[Philolaus]], many of whom were involved in various schools. For example, Anaximander and Thales belonged to the Milesian school. [[Plato]], briefly and [[Aristotle]] at length, in works that survived to today, continued these studies of nature.
Western natural philosophy began with eminent [[Ancient Greece|Greek]] pre-Socratic philosophers such as [[Thales]], [[Anaximander]], possibly [[Pythagoras]], [[Heraclitus]], [[Anaxagoras]], [[Empedocles]] and [[Philolaus]], many of whom were involved in various schools. For example, Anaximander and Thales belonged to the Milesian school. [[Plato]], briefly and [[Aristotle]] at length, in works that survived to today, continued these studies of nature.
==Branches and subject matter of natural philosophy==
Major branches of natural philosophy include [[astronomy]] and [[cosmology]], the study of nature on the grand scale; [[etiology]], the study of (intrinsic and sometimes extrinsic) [[cause]]s; the study of [[chance]], probability and randomness; the study of [[chemical element|element]]s; the study of the [[Infinity|infinite]] and the unlimited (virtual or actual); the study of [[matter]]; [[mechanics]], the study of translation of motion and change; the study of [[nature]] or the various sources of actions; the study of natural [[quality|qualities]]; the study of physical [[quantity|quantities]]; the study of relations between physical entities; and the philosophy of [[space]] and [[time]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Adler|first=Mortimer J.|authorlink=Mortimer Adler|title=The Four Dimensions of Philosophy: Metaphysical, Moral, Objective, Categorical|publisher=Macmillan|year=1993|isbn=0-02-500574-X}}</ref>
==Natural philosophy and science==
==Natural philosophy and science==
The term ''scientist'' only emerged in the 19th century. Prior to this, scientific study was called ''natural philosophy'' and scientists were ''natural philosophers.'' It entailed broad areas of study of the universe, including [[mathematics]] and the subjects that are now covered under the disciplines of [[chemistry]], [[physics]], [[anatomy]], and so forth.
The term ''scientist'' only emerged in the 19th century. Prior to this, scientific study was called ''natural philosophy'' and scientists were ''natural philosophers.'' It entailed broad areas of study of the universe, including [[mathematics]] and the subjects that are now covered under the disciplines of [[chemistry]], [[physics]], [[anatomy]], and so forth.
==References==
<references/>
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[[Category:Science]]
[[Category:Philosophy]]
[[Category:Philosophy]]
[[Category:Physics]]
[[Category:Physics]]