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Line 1: − [[Image:StephenDouglas.jpg|right|thumb|Stephen Douglas]] − Line 21:
Line 19: − [[Image:Forcing Slavery Freesoilers Throats.jpg|thumb|right|300px|''Forcing Slavery Down the Throat of a Freesoiler''<br>An 1856 cartoon depicts a giant [[Free Soil Party|free soiler]] being held down by [[James Buchanan]] and [[Lewis Cass]] standing on the Democratic platform marked "Kansas", "Cuba" and "Central America". [[Franklin Pierce]] also holds down the giant's beard as Douglas shoves a black slave down his throat.]]
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'''Stephen Arnold Douglas''' nicknamed the '''"Little Giant"''' (April 23, 1813 – June 3, 1861) was an American politician from the western state of [[Illinois]], and was the [[Democratic Party]] nominee for President in 1860. He lost to [[Republican Party]] candidate [[Abraham Lincoln]]. As a brilliant party leader, and an adroit, ready, skillful tactician in debate and passage of legislation, he shaped the [[Third Party System]] by taking leadership of the Democratic party away from pro-Southern men like President [[James Buchanan]], and committing it to the basic principle of democracy, "Let the People Rule!"
'''Stephen Arnold Douglas''' nicknamed the '''"Little Giant"''' (April 23, 1813 – June 3, 1861) was an American politician from the western state of [[Illinois]], and was the [[Democratic Party]] nominee for President in 1860. He lost to [[Republican Party]] candidate [[Abraham Lincoln]]. As a brilliant party leader, and an adroit, ready, skillful tactician in debate and passage of legislation, he shaped the [[Third Party System]] by taking leadership of the Democratic party away from pro-Southern men like President [[James Buchanan]], and committing it to the basic principle of democracy, "Let the People Rule!"
==Kansas-Nebraska 1854==
==Kansas-Nebraska 1854==
Douglas set off a tremendous political upheaval by proposing the [[Kansas Nebraska Act]] in 1854. New laws were needed to allow for the settlement of the Nebraska territory. Douglas had invested in Chicago land, which would be made more valuable by railroads from Chicago that would serve the region; as it had been by the Illinois Central Railroad. The Compromise of 1820 had guaranteed slavery would not exist there (because it was north of the 36°30' compromise line); and the Compromise of 1850 had reaffirmed this.
Douglas set off a tremendous political upheaval by proposing the [[Kansas Nebraska Act]] in 1854. New laws were needed to allow for the settlement of the Nebraska territory. Douglas had invested in Chicago land, which would be made more valuable by railroads from Chicago that would serve the region; as it had been by the Illinois Central Railroad. The Compromise of 1820 had guaranteed slavery would not exist there (because it was north of the 36°30' compromise line); and the Compromise of 1850 had reaffirmed this.