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An early study that has been cited by nearly 1000 scholarly articles confirms the existence of fetal pain during abortion as follows:<ref>Anand, K.J.S. & Hickey, P.R. (1987). Pain and its effects in the human neonate and fetus. New England Journal of Medicine, 317(21), 1321-1329 (internal citations omitted).</ref>
An early study that has been cited by nearly 1000 scholarly articles confirms the existence of fetal pain during abortion as follows:<ref>Anand, K.J.S. & Hickey, P.R. (1987). Pain and its effects in the human neonate and fetus. New England Journal of Medicine, 317(21), 1321-1329 (internal citations omitted).</ref>
{{cquote|Various putative neurotransmitters called the tachykinins (substance P, neurokinin A, neuromedin K, and so forth) have been identified in the central nervous system, but only substance P has been investigated thoroughly and shown to have a role in the transmission and control of pain impulses. Neural elements containing substance P and its receptors appear … at 12 to 16 weeks of gestation. A high density of substance P fibers and cells have been observed in multiple areas of the fetal brain stem associated with pathways for pain perception and control and visceral reactions to pain.}}
{{cquote|Various putative neurotransmitters called the tachykinins (substance P, neurokinin A, neuromedin K, and so forth) have been identified in the central nervous system, but only substance P has been investigated thoroughly and shown to have a role in the transmission and control of pain impulses. Neural elements containing substance P and its receptors appear … at 12 to 16 weeks of gestation. A high density of substance P fibers and cells have been observed in multiple areas of the fetal brain stem associated with pathways for pain perception and control and visceral reactions to pain.}}
Michael Thomson of Little Rock, Arkansas recounts the traumatic early childhood memories of fetal pain he endured during his mother's failed abortion
{{cquote|Every night, I am haunted with memories of burning and pure anguish as my little fetal lungs struggle to contain the amniotic fluid that surrounded me. All I could feel was the pulsing of a heinous and sinful poison, inflicted by my damned mother, coursing through my veins. But then, God almighty, aware of my struggles, decided to bless the little fetal me with another chance of life. These night terrors are the small price I have to pay for being blessed by the almighty spirit, the Lord, the Savior, the only, fetal Jesus Christ. }}
== U.S. Law & Fetal Pain ==
== U.S. Law & Fetal Pain ==