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Line 8: − Liu had worked covertly as a revolutionary in 'White' ([[Guomindang]]-controlled) areas of [[China]] in the 1930s and later built up [[Chinese Communist Party]] cells in areas occupied by [[Japan]]. In 1959, as part of the moderate reaction within the party leadership against the excesses of the [[Great Leap Forward]] which had been championed by [[Mao Zedong]], Liu replaced Mao head of state, although Mao remained chairman of the CCP (an honorary position), as well as head of the military commission, the most powerful position in China at that time.+
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'''Liu Shaoqi''' (1898—1969) was the Chinese head of state who died of abuses suffered during the [[Cultural Revolution]].
'''Liu Shaoqi''' (1898—1969) was the Chinese head of state who died of abuses suffered during the [[Cultural Revolution]].
Liu had worked covertly as a revolutionary in 'White' ([[Guomindang]]-controlled) areas of [[China]] in the 1930s and later built up [[Chinese Communist Party]] cells in areas occupied by [[Japan]].
{{language box
{{language box
|s=刘少奇
|s=刘少奇
|w=Liu Shao-ch'i
|w=Liu Shao-ch'i
}}
}}
In 1959, as part of the moderate reaction within the party leadership against the excesses of the [[Great Leap Forward]] which had been championed by [[Mao Zedong]], Liu replaced Mao head of state, although Mao remained chairman of the CCP (an honorary position), as well as head of the military commission, the most powerful position in China at that time.
Mao distrusted Liu, suspecting him of bureaucratism and bourgeois tendencies (although the evidence is that Liu was an orthodox communist), and he brought about the Cultural Revolution in part to remove Liu and his supporters (including [[Deng Xiaoping]]) from power. Liu was dismissed from office, humiliated by [[Red Guards]] and imprisoned in wretched conditions which contributed directly to his death.
Mao distrusted Liu, suspecting him of bureaucratism and bourgeois tendencies (although the evidence is that Liu was an orthodox communist), and he brought about the Cultural Revolution in part to remove Liu and his supporters (including [[Deng Xiaoping]]) from power. Liu was dismissed from office, humiliated by [[Red Guards]] and imprisoned in wretched conditions which contributed directly to his death.