Changes

== Normative ethics ==

== Normative ethics ==

Some of the major positions in normative ethics include:

Some of the major positions in normative ethics include:

*'''consequentialism''', which calls an act good if it produces good consequences. The most famous version is '''[[utilitarianism]]''', which believes that the good is whatever leads to the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people. Some versions of utilitarianism are purely [[hedonism|hedonistic]], seeking whatever will cause the most pleasure; others are more discerning, as exemplified by [[John Stewart Mill]]'s famous words "Better to be [[Socrates]] dissatisfied, than a pig satisfied". Other versions include:

*'''consequentialism''', which calls an act good if it produces good consequences. The most famous version is '''[[utilitarianism]]''', which believes that the good is whatever leads to the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people. Some versions of utilitarianism are purely [[hedonism|hedonistic]], seeking whatever will cause the most pleasure; others are more discerning, as exemplified by [[John Stuart Mill]]'s famous words "Better to be [[Socrates]] dissatisfied, than a pig satisfied". Other versions include:

**'''preference utilitarianism''' seeks to fulfill as many people's desires as possible, and treats everyone's desires equally

**'''preference utilitarianism''' seeks to fulfill as many people's desires as possible, and treats everyone's desires equally

**'''act utilitarianism''' judges each act individually for whether it has the best consequences

**'''act utilitarianism''' judges each act individually for whether it has the best consequences