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'''Dumbarton''' (''fort of the [[Briton|Britons]]'') is an ancient town on the north bank of the [[Firth of Clyde]] in Dumbartonshire (formally [[Strathclyde]] region) in south-eastern [[Scotland]].

'''Dumbarton''' (''fort of the [[Briton|Britons]]'') is an ancient town on the north bank of the [[Firth of Clyde]] in Dunbartonshire (formally [[Strathclyde]] region) in south-eastern [[Scotland]]. Originally ''Alcuid'', it has at various times since been referred to as ''Dumbarton’’, ''Dunbarton'' and ''Dumbritton''.  

Before the [[Roman]]s it was the capital of a British ([[Celt]]ic) kingdom., and endured as “British” (rather than of the [[Picts]] or Scots) through and after the Roman occupation of [[England]]. Tradition has the 4th/5th century [[St. Patrick]] being born there. During the dark ages it expanded its control of much of south-east Scotland and became capital of the kingdom of [[Strathclyde]] before being taken over by the Scottish king [[Malcolm II]] and absorbed into a unified kingdom by [[Duncan I]] in 1034.

Starting as a settlement on the east bank of the short River Leven, which connects the celebrated Loch Lomond to the Firth, it was the centre of a British ([[Celt]]ic) kingdom before the [[Roman]]s and endured as “British” (rather than of the [[Picts]] or Scots) through and after the Roman occupation of [[England]]. Tradition has the 4th/5th century [[St. Patrick]] being born there. During the dark ages it expanded its control of much of south-east Scotland and became capital of the kingdom of [[Strathclyde]] before being taken over by the Scottish king [[Malcolm II]] and absorbed into a unified kingdom by [[Duncan I]] in 1034. It became a royal burgh in 1222.

Dumbarton Rock, which rises from the shore was the site of fortifications since the [[Iron Age]]. During the [[Middle Ages]] it became a royal castle. [[William Wallace]] was imprisoned there before he was taken to London to be executed.  

Dumbarton Rock, which rises from the shore has been the site of fortifications since the [[Iron Age]]. During the [[Middle Ages]] it became a royal castle. [[William Wallace]] was imprisoned there before he was taken to London to be executed. It was still garrisoned when Daniel Defoe visited the area in the years before 1724. Indeed he spent more time describing the castle than the town. The Rock and Castle were the subject of a well known engraving by the German military engineer/artist, John Slezer, published in 1693.

Dumbarton's shipyards have been famous. The [[clipper]], ''[[Cutty Sark]]'' was built there in 1869.

Dumbarton's shipyards, opened in 1834 have been famous. The [[clipper]], ''[[Cutty Sark]]'' was built there in 1869.

The town gave its name to the mansion in [[Washington DC]], “''Dumbarton Oaks''”, which  hosted the international conference in 1944 that prepared for the creation of the [[United Nations]]. Earlier, a popular ''Dumbarton Oaks'' [[concerto]] for orchestra was commissioned from [[Igor Stravinsky]] as an anniversary present by the owner, Robert Woods Bliss.

The town gave its name to the mansion in [[Washington DC]], “''Dumbarton Oaks''”, which  hosted the international conference in 1944 that prepared for the creation of the [[United Nations]]. Earlier, a popular ''Dumbarton Oaks'' [[concerto]] for orchestra was commissioned from [[Igor Stravinsky]] as an anniversary present by the owner, Robert Woods Bliss.

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