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→Sports performance: Religious faith vs. atheism
[[Atheist Population|Atheistic populations]] commonly have significant problems with [[Sexually Transmitted Disease|sexually transmitted diseases]]. See: [[Atheism and sexually transmitted diseases]].
[[Atheist Population|Atheistic populations]] commonly have significant problems with [[Sexually Transmitted Disease|sexually transmitted diseases]]. See: [[Atheism and sexually transmitted diseases]].
== Sports performance: Religious faith vs. atheism ==
=== Sports performance: Religious faith vs. atheism ===
[[File:Basketball.jpg|right|300px|thumbnail|Numerous studies report that athletes to be more religious than non-athletes.<ref name="Bell">Bell, Nathan T. (January 7, 2009). [http://thesportjournal.org/article/strength-of-religious-faith-of-athletes-and-nonathletes-at-two-ncaa-division-iii-institutions/ "Strength of religious faith of athletes and nonathletes at two NCAA Division III institutions"]. The Sport Journal [online publication] (Daphne, AL: United States Sports Academy). Retrieved on July 25, 2014.</ref>]]
[[File:Basketball.jpg|right|300px|thumbnail|Numerous studies report that athletes to be more religious than non-athletes.<ref name="Bell">Bell, Nathan T. (January 7, 2009). [http://thesportjournal.org/article/strength-of-religious-faith-of-athletes-and-nonathletes-at-two-ncaa-division-iii-institutions/ "Strength of religious faith of athletes and nonathletes at two NCAA Division III institutions"]. The Sport Journal [online publication] (Daphne, AL: United States Sports Academy). Retrieved on July 25, 2014.</ref>]]
''See also:'' [[Sports performance: Religious faith vs. atheism]] and [[Atheism and obesity]]
''See also:'' [[Sports performance: Religious faith vs. atheism]] and [[Atheism and obesity]]
See also: [[Atheism and bodily-kinesthetic intelligence]]
See also: [[Atheism and bodily-kinesthetic intelligence]]
=== Friedrich Nietzsche's insanity ===
[[Image:Nietzsche.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Currently, there is an ongoing debate on whether [[Friedrich Nietzsche]]'s insanity was caused purely through disease or whether his atheistic/[[nihilism|nihilistic]] philosophical outlook on life was the cause.<ref name="Nietzsche">Multiple references:
*Owen, C. M., et al. (September 2007). [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17881977 "The madness of Dionysus: a neurosurgical perspective on Friedrich Nietzsche" [abstract]]. ''Neurosurgery'', vol. 61:3, pp. 626-32. Abstract retrieved from National Institutes of Health, U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Center for Biotechnology Information, Pub Med on July 24, 2014.
*Brace, Robin A. (2006). [http://www.ukapologetics.net/truthaboutnietzsche.html "Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900): the 'God is dead' man died in a state of complete insanity—but Christianity lives on!"] UK Apologetics. Retrieved on July 24, 2014.
*Hutchison, Fred (March 7, 2007). [http://www.renewamerica.us/columns/hutchison/070307 "Liberalism and the two roads to nihilism: how liberalism can collapse into nihilism through materialism or false idealism"]. RenewAmerica. Retrieved on July 24, 2014.
*Orth, M. and Trimble, M. R. (December 2006). [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17087793?dopt=Abstract "Friedrich Nietzsche's mental illness—general paralysis of the insane vs. frontotemporal dementia" [abstract]]. ''Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica'', vol. 114:6, pp. 439-45. Abstract retrieved from National Institutes of Health, U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Center for Biotechnology Information, Pub Med on July 24, 2014.
*Sax, Leonard (February 2003). [http://www.leonardsax.com/Nietzsche.pdf "What was the cause of Nietzsche's dementia?"] ''Journal of Medical Biography'', vol. 11, pp. 47-54. Retrieved from www.leonardsax.com on July 24, 2014.
*Khazaee, Malek K. (Spring 2008). [http://www.bu.edu/paideia/existenz/volumes/Vol.3-1Khazaee.html "The case of Nietzsche's madness"]. ''Existenz'', vol. 3:1, pp. 40-48. Retrieved from Boston University Existenz website on July 25, 2004.
*Girard, René (March 1, 1988). [http://books.google.com/books?id=x4qDrNKVC5gC&pg=PA61&lpg=PA61&dq=Ren%C3%A9+Girard+nietzsche+and+madness&source=bl&ots=DQFLJpqjJd&sig=mXNq_6J6_qTciP2vW-FHojwBn20&hl=en&ei=hv99Sp0Y2YG2B8Ogsf4B&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1#v=onepage&q=&f=false "Chapter 4: Strategies of madness—Nietzsche, Wagner and Dostoevsky" [preview]]. ''To Double Business Bound'' (Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press), pp. 61-82+. Preview retrieved from GoogleBooks on July 25, 2014.
*Palmquist, Stephen (1995). [http://www.hkbu.edu.hk/~ppp/top/top19 "Chapter 19: Nietzsche's moral breakthrough"]. ''The Tree of Philosophy'' (Hong Kong: Philopsychy Press). Retrieved from Hong Kong Baptist University website on July 25, 2014.</ref>]]
Currently, there is an ongoing debate on whether [[Friedrich Nietzsche]]'s insanity was caused purely through disease or whether his atheistic/[[nihilism|nihilistic]] philosophical outlook on life was the cause.<ref name="Nietzsche"/>
An article published on the Hong Kong Baptist University declares:
{{cquote|Trying to explain what caused his insanity can only be a matter of speculation. Some people believe it was the result of a physical illness. Others interpret his suffering as that of a true prophet, almost as if he were accepting the punishment on behalf of those who could not see mankind's tendency towards self-destruction so clearly. Still others regard his final fate as a natural outcome of his philosophical outlook.<ref>Palmquist, Stephen (1995). [http://www.hkbu.edu.hk/~ppp/top/top19 "Chapter 19: Nietzsche's moral breakthrough"]. ''The Tree of Philosophy'' (Hong Kong: Philopsychy Press). Retrieved from Hong Kong Baptist University website on July 25, 2014.</ref>}}
The Russian-born psychoanalyst and writer Lou Andreas-Salomé, who had a brief and tempestuous affair with Nietzsche, believed that Nietzsche's philosophy can be viewed as a reflection of his psychology and that his madness was the result of his philosophizing.<ref>Salomé, Lou (1988). [http://www.amazon.com/Nietzsche-Lou-Salome/dp/0252070356 ''Nietzsche'' [preview]] (University of Illinois). Translation of ''Friedrich Nietzsche in seinen Werken'' (1894) translated by Mandel, Elise and Mandel, Theo S. Preview retrieved from Amazon.com on July 25, 2014.</ref> In addition, the French historian René Girard asserted that Nietzsche's philosophy led to his insanity.<ref>Girard, René (March 1, 1988). [http://books.google.com/books?id=x4qDrNKVC5gC&pg=PA61&lpg=PA61&dq=Ren%C3%A9+Girard+nietzsche+and+madness&source=bl&ots=DQFLJpqjJd&sig=mXNq_6J6_qTciP2vW-FHojwBn20&hl=en&ei=hv99Sp0Y2YG2B8Ogsf4B&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1#v=onepage&q=&f=false "Chapter 4: Strategies of madness—Nietzsche, Wagner and Dostoevsky" [preview]]. ''To Double Business Bound'' (Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press), pp. 61-82+. Preview retrieved from GoogleBooks on July 25, 2014.</ref>
== Atheism is a religion ==
== Atheism is a religion ==