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The '''Shroud of Turin''' (in Italian, ''la Sacra Sindone'') is the most studied artifact in the history of the world, causing some [[agnostic]] or [[atheist]] [[scientist]]s to convert to [[Christianity]].<ref>[http://www.shroud.com/mrinobnf.pdf]</ref>  Other scientists who have not converted do consider the Shroud to be the authentic burial cloth for [[Jesus Christ]].

The '''Shroud of Turin''' (in Italian, ''la Sacra Sindone'') is the most studied artifact in the history of the world, causing some [[agnostic]] or [[atheist]] [[scientist]]s to convert to [[Christianity]].<ref>[http://www.shroud.com/mrinobnf.pdf]</ref>  Other scientists who have not converted do consider the Shroud to be the authentic burial cloth for [[Jesus Christ]].

The Shroud contains real blood stains consisting of human male [[DNA]], and a [[blood type]] that is AB.  The height of the man was 5' 11" (remarkably tall for a Man of His time); his weight, about 170 pounds.  Coins visible only to modern technology had been placed over the man's eyes, an ancient Roman tradition not known to historians until modern archaeological excavations revealed the practice; the coin over the right eye was minted by [[Pontius Pilate]], and the coin over the left eye was minted only in A.D. 29, merely a few years before the estimated date of the [[Crucifixion]].<ref name="Coins">http://www.shroudstory.com/faq-coins.htm</ref>  The angle of the man's arms during the [[crucifixion]] can be inferred from the flow of blood seen on the Shroud:  65° for one arm; 55° for the other.

The Shroud contains real blood stains consisting of human male [[DNA]], and a [[blood type]] that is AB.  The height of the man was 5' 11"; his weight, about 170 pounds.  Coins visible only to modern technology had been placed over the man's eyes, an ancient Roman tradition not known to historians until modern archaeological excavations revealed the practice; the coin over the right eye was minted by [[Pontius Pilate]], and the coin over the left eye was minted only in A.D. 29, merely a few years before the estimated date of the [[Crucifixion]].<ref name="Coins">http://www.shroudstory.com/faq-coins.htm</ref>  The angle of the man's arms during the [[crucifixion]] can be inferred from the flow of blood seen on the Shroud:  65° for one arm; 55° for the other.

There is overwhelming [[forensic]] evidence on the Shroud indicating that it is the image of man who was both [[scourge]]d and crucified, yet (as described in the [[Bible]]) without the breaking of the victim's leg as commonly done as part of the punishment.<ref name="Forensics">http://www.shroudstory.com/forensics.htm</ref>  The bloodstains on the Shroud were formed before the image was made.  The image is scientifically precise in a way unknown to any medieval forgers: the thumbs are not visible because the nails were through the wrist, not through the hands as mistakenly thought until the 20th century.<ref name="Forensics"/>

There is overwhelming [[forensic]] evidence on the Shroud indicating that it is the image of man who was both [[scourge]]d and crucified, yet (as described in the [[Bible]]) without the breaking of the victim's leg as commonly done as part of the punishment.<ref name="Forensics">http://www.shroudstory.com/forensics.htm</ref>  The bloodstains on the Shroud were formed before the image was made.  The image is scientifically precise in a way unknown to any medieval forgers: the thumbs are not visible because the nails were through the wrist, not through the hands as mistakenly thought until the 20th century.<ref name="Forensics"/>