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<birthright citizenship>
 
<birthright citizenship>
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==James Madison's rejected amendments for the Bill of Rights=
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==James Madison's rejected amendments for the Bill of Rights==
    
1.  "No person religiously scrupulous of bearing arms shall be compelled to render military service in person." (a conscientious objector)
 
1.  "No person religiously scrupulous of bearing arms shall be compelled to render military service in person." (a conscientious objector)
    
2.  "No State shall violate the equal rights of conscience, or the freedom of the press, or the trial by jury in criminal cases." [Madison called this guarantee, extending protections of the First Amendment and the jury trial right of the Sixth Amendment to the states, "the most valuable amendment  in the whole lot." It passed the House, but was rejected by the Senate.]
 
2.  "No State shall violate the equal rights of conscience, or the freedom of the press, or the trial by jury in criminal cases." [Madison called this guarantee, extending protections of the First Amendment and the jury trial right of the Sixth Amendment to the states, "the most valuable amendment  in the whole lot." It passed the House, but was rejected by the Senate.]
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== Additional Amendments ==
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In less than eight years -- from 1913 to 1920 -- four major amendments were added to the Constitution:  the 16th, 17th, 18th, and 19th amendments.  We have already discussed the 16th and 17th Amendments (do you recall what they were?), so now we review the 18th and 19th Amendments.
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The numerous amendments to the Constitution
    
== A 27th Amendment?? ==
 
== A 27th Amendment?? ==
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<explain cases concerning constitutional rights in campaigns>
 
<explain cases concerning constitutional rights in campaigns>
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== Homework ==
    
[[Category:American Government lectures]]
 
[[Category:American Government lectures]]
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