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Line 11: − − ==Confusion on name== − The name "federalist" is derived from ''[[The Federalist Papers]]'', a collection of newspaper columns that supported ratification of U.S. Constitution. The columns were written in 1787 by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay. The Federalist Party of the 1790s is often confused with the "federalists" of 1787-88, because of overlapping membership. The federalists of 1787-88 were a loose coalition led by Hamilton and Madison that supported ratification of the Constitution. They were opposed by an even looser coalition called the "anti-federalists." Neither group was a party and neither ran candidates. Both disappeared after the Constitution was ratified in 1788. Madison was a leader of the federalists of 1787-88, but broke with Hamilton in 1790.
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==History==
==History==
The name "federalist" is derived from ''[[The Federalist Papers]]'', a collection of newspaper columns that supported ratification of U.S. Constitution. The columns were written in 1787 by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay. The federalists of 1787-88 were a coalition that supported ratification. They were opposed by the "anti-federalists." Madison was a leader in the fight to ratify the Constitution, but broke with Hamilton in 1790.
The Federalist Party was the first [[political party]] in the [[United States]]. In 1790, Hamilton proposed a set of reforms designed to put the new federal government on a strong financial basis. His plan divided Congress, and those who supported Hamilton's reforms became the Federalist Party. After a period of dominance under presidents Washington and Adams, a succession of misfortunes left the party without outstanding leaders. Washington died in 1799, Adams retired in 1801, and Hamilton was killed by [[Aaron Burr]] in 1804. The party's base of support was in New England, a region dependent on trade with Britain. Meanwhile, Republican "war hawks" in the West and South saw war with Britain as a way of acquiring agricultural in Canada and the West. Federalist fortunes revived briefly during the War of 1812 due to the party's anti-war stand. With the war going poorly, the Federalists sponsored the [[Hartford Convention]] in 1814 to propose constitutional amendments. After the [[Treaty of Ghent]] and the [[Battle of New Orleans]] in 1815, the fear of defeat that inspired the convention was forgotten and involvement opened former participants to the accusation of treason.
The Federalist Party was the first [[political party]] in the [[United States]]. In 1790, Hamilton proposed a set of reforms designed to put the new federal government on a strong financial basis. His plan divided Congress, and those who supported Hamilton's reforms became the Federalist Party. After a period of dominance under presidents Washington and Adams, a succession of misfortunes left the party without outstanding leaders. Washington died in 1799, Adams retired in 1801, and Hamilton was killed by [[Aaron Burr]] in 1804. The party's base of support was in New England, a region dependent on trade with Britain. Meanwhile, Republican "war hawks" in the West and South saw war with Britain as a way of acquiring agricultural in Canada and the West. Federalist fortunes revived briefly during the War of 1812 due to the party's anti-war stand. With the war going poorly, the Federalists sponsored the [[Hartford Convention]] in 1814 to propose constitutional amendments. After the [[Treaty of Ghent]] and the [[Battle of New Orleans]] in 1815, the fear of defeat that inspired the convention was forgotten and involvement opened former participants to the accusation of treason.
==Platform==
==Platform==
The Federalists advocated a strong national government, capable of holding its own in a world at war. At the state level they promoted strong state governments. Foreign policy was a decisive issue in the 1790s and the Federalists promoted friendship and trade with Britain, especially through the [[Jay Treaty]], which was highly controversial but ratified in 1795. The Jeffersonians admired the French Revolution and feared that close ties with Britain would threaten [[republicanism]] and move the new republic back toward monarchy. In terms of economics, federalists subscribed to the Hamiltonian notion that the United States must engage in manufacturing and commerce in order to become a great power.
The Federalists advocated a strong national government, capable of holding its own in a world at war. At the state level they promoted strong state governments. Foreign policy was a decisive issue in the 1790s and the Federalists promoted friendship and trade with Britain, especially through the [[Jay Treaty]], which was highly controversial but ratified in 1795. The Jeffersonians admired the French Revolution and feared that close ties with Britain would threaten [[republicanism]] and move the new republic back toward monarchy. In terms of economics, federalists subscribed to the Hamiltonian notion that the United States must engage in manufacturing and commerce in order to become a great power.
==Federalist presidents==
==Federalist presidents==