Changes

So, as a consumer of writing, public speaking , or other mass communication, it is important to know whether someone is trying to report or pursuade.  Next, one must decide if deception is being used.  The greatest protection against bias and deception is to consume information from many, and diverse sources.  If you are a Democrat, it is foolish not to listen to Republican speakers.  If you are a cardiologist, you must not just read literature from drug companies, but also read original research from as many sources as possible.  As freedom requires eternal vigilance, intelligence requires eternal literacy.

So, as a consumer of writing, public speaking , or other mass communication, it is important to know whether someone is trying to report or pursuade.  Next, one must decide if deception is being used.  The greatest protection against bias and deception is to consume information from many, and diverse sources.  If you are a Democrat, it is foolish not to listen to Republican speakers.  If you are a cardiologist, you must not just read literature from drug companies, but also read original research from as many sources as possible.  As freedom requires eternal vigilance, intelligence requires eternal literacy.