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Line 182: − − * '''Increased risk of [[Alzheimer's disease]].'''<ref>[http://www.webmd.com/alzheimers/guide/20061101/obesity-alzheimers-risk Obesity and Alzheimer's: High Insulin Levels Linked to Alzheimer's]</ref><ref>[http://thehealthage.blogspot.com/2009/08/obese-people-are-more-at-risk-to.html Obese people are more at risk of Alzheimer’s]</ref> See: [[Obesity and Alzheimer's disease]] Line 197:
Line 195: − − === Obesity and Alzheimer's disease === − [[File:PET Alzheimer.jpg|thumbnail|250px|right|A PET scan of the brain of an individual with [[Alzheimer's disease]] reveals a loss of function in the [[Temporal lobes|temporal lobe]].]] − − See also: [[Obesity and Alzheimer's disease]] − − In 2005, WebMD published: − {{cquote|People with diabetes are at particularly high risk of [[Alzheimer's disease]]. But now there's strong evidence that people with high [[insulin]] levels -- long before they get diabetes -- already are on the road to Alzheimer's disease. − − As the body becomes more and more overweight, it becomes more and more resistant to the blood-sugar-lowering effects of insulin. To counter this insulin resistance, the body keeps making more insulin... − − '''Insulin Triggers Amyloid Buildup''' − − High insulin levels are known to cause [[blood vessel]]s to become inflamed.... − − One dangerous effect of this insulin-caused brain inflammation is increased brain levels of beta-amyloid. Beta-amyloid is the twisted protein that's the main ingredient in the sticky plaques that clog the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease. − − "What was striking was the magnitude of the effect," Craft tells WebMD. "Inflammation can be a result of amyloid elevations but can also create an environment in which amyloid is made more readily. Inflammation can be both the result and cause of amyloid production."<ref>[http://www.webmd.com/alzheimers/guide/20061101/obesity-alzheimers-risk Obesity and Alzheimer's: High Insulin Levels Linked to Alzheimer's]</ref>}} − − A 2009 health report on a medical study indicated: − {{cquote|They compared the brain scan of 94 people in their 70s who were obese & overweight. They found that the obese had lost tissue in the frontal & temporal lobes areas critical for planning & memory. Declines were also seen in areas used for attention & executive functions, long term memory & movement − − A neurologist Professor Paul Thompson said, “That's a big loss of tissue and it depletes your cognitive reserves, putting you at much greater risk of Alzheimer's and other diseases that attack the brain. But you can greatly reduce your risk for Alzheimer's if you can eat healthily and keep your weight under control.”M<ref>[http://thehealthage.blogspot.com/2009/08/obese-people-are-more-at-risk-to.html Obese people are more at risk of Alzheimer’s]</ref>}} − − ==== Health effects of Alzheimer's disease ==== − − ''See also:'' [[Effects of Alzheimer's disease on the brain]] − [[File:Odds of Developing Alzheimer's.png|right|300px|right]] − [[Alzheimer's disease]] is "characterised by loss of neurons and synapses in the [[cerebral cortex]] and certain subcortical regions. This loss results in gross atrophy of the affected regions, including degeneration in the [[temporal lobes|temporal lobe]] and [[parietal lobe]], and parts of the frontal cortex and cingulate gyrus.<ref>http://www.news-medical.net/health/Neurodegeneration-in-Alzheimers-and-Parkinsons.aspx</ref> Some of the primary symptoms of Alzheimer's disease are: memory problems, mood swings, emotional outbursts, brain stem damage which impairs function in the heart, lungs plus causes disruption of various other bodily processes.<ref>http://www.dementiacarecentral.com/node/559</ref> − − An abstract of the medical study entitled ''Measures to Assess the Noncognitive Symptoms of Dementia in the Primary Care Setting'' by Brent P. Forester, M.D. and Thomas E. Oxman, M.D. inidcated "Noncognitive symptoms associated with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias include psychosis, mood disturbances, personality changes, agitation, aggression, pacing, wandering, altered sexual behavior, changed sleep patterns, and appetite disturbances. These noncognitive symptoms of dementia are common, disabling to both the patient and the caregiver, and costly."<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC419385/</ref> − − According to the Center for Neuro Skills: − {{cquote|Kolb & Wishaw (1990) have identified eight principle symptoms of temporal lobe damage: 1) disturbance of auditory sensation and perception, 2) disturbance of selective attention of auditory and visual input, 3) disorders of visual perception, 4) impaired organization and categorization of verbal material, 5) disturbance of language comprehension, 6) impaired long-term memory, 7) altered personality and affective behavior, 8) altered sexual behavior.<ref>http://www.neuroskills.com/tbi/btemporl.shtml</ref>}} − − ==== Obesity, dementia, Alzheimer's disease and prevention ==== − − ''For more information please see:'' [[Alzheimer's disease and prevention]] − − Weili Xu, a researcher at the Karolinska Institute in [[Stockholm]], declared: "Our results contribute to the growing evidence that controlling body weight or losing weight in middle age could reduce your risk of [[dementia]]".<ref>[http://www.alzheimersreadingroom.com/2011/05/obesity-in-middle-age-may-increase-risk.html Obesity in Middle Age May Increase Risk of Dementia]</ref> − − For more information see: [[Alzheimer's disease and prevention]]
→Physical and mental health related problems associated with obesity
* '''Lower levels of balance recovery and increased risk of falls:''' In her thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, entitled ''A modeling investigation of obesity and balance recovery'', Sara Louise Matrangola writes in the abstract: "Obesity is associated with an increased risk of falls and subsequent injury. Previous studies have shown weight loss and strength training to be beneficial to balance, but knowing which is more beneficial will allow researchers to design interventions to maximize the benefits in terms of balance and reducing risk of falls."<ref>[http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07162008-101646/unrestricted/matrangola_thesis_etd.pdf Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, entitled ''A modeling investigation of obesity and balance recovery''by Sara Louise Matrangola]</ref>
* '''Lower levels of balance recovery and increased risk of falls:''' In her thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, entitled ''A modeling investigation of obesity and balance recovery'', Sara Louise Matrangola writes in the abstract: "Obesity is associated with an increased risk of falls and subsequent injury. Previous studies have shown weight loss and strength training to be beneficial to balance, but knowing which is more beneficial will allow researchers to design interventions to maximize the benefits in terms of balance and reducing risk of falls."<ref>[http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07162008-101646/unrestricted/matrangola_thesis_etd.pdf Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, entitled ''A modeling investigation of obesity and balance recovery''by Sara Louise Matrangola]</ref>
*'''Increased morbidity risk.'''<ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/03/opinion/mark-bittman-will-china-defeat-obesity.html?_r=0 Will China Defeat Obesity?] By MARK BITTMANSEPT. 2, 2014</ref>
*'''Increased morbidity risk.'''<ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/03/opinion/mark-bittman-will-china-defeat-obesity.html?_r=0 Will China Defeat Obesity?] By MARK BITTMANSEPT. 2, 2014</ref>
On September 2, 2014, the'' New York Times'' wrote concerning Britain:
On September 2, 2014, the'' New York Times'' wrote concerning Britain:
{{cquote|In high-income countries, excess weight is the third-leading risk factor in death. The importance of addressing this was brought home again last month with the publication of a new study and editorial, also in ''The Lancet''. The work looked at 22 different cancers in Britain and their association with body mass index (B.M.I.), a simple but more effective measure of obesity than weight alone. The conclusions of the study, which involved a whopping 5.24 million people, were both notable and not entirely unexpected: When adjusted for factors like age and smoking, a higher B.M.I. was associated with a large increase in risk of cancers of the uterus, kidney, gallbladder, and liver, and smaller risk increases for at least six other types of cancer.<ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/03/opinion/mark-bittman-will-china-defeat-obesity.html?_r=0 Will China Defeat Obesity?] By MARK BITTMANSEPT. 2, 2014</ref>}}
{{cquote|In high-income countries, excess weight is the third-leading risk factor in death. The importance of addressing this was brought home again last month with the publication of a new study and editorial, also in ''The Lancet''. The work looked at 22 different cancers in Britain and their association with body mass index (B.M.I.), a simple but more effective measure of obesity than weight alone. The conclusions of the study, which involved a whopping 5.24 million people, were both notable and not entirely unexpected: When adjusted for factors like age and smoking, a higher B.M.I. was associated with a large increase in risk of cancers of the uterus, kidney, gallbladder, and liver, and smaller risk increases for at least six other types of cancer.<ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/03/opinion/mark-bittman-will-china-defeat-obesity.html?_r=0 Will China Defeat Obesity?] By MARK BITTMANSEPT. 2, 2014</ref>}}
== See also ==
== See also ==