Changes

=== Communist front activity ===

=== Communist front activity ===

Upon his father's death in 1937, Oppenheimer inherited over $300,000<ref>“[http://ohst.berkeley.edu/oppenheimer/exhibit/text/ch2page2.html Oppenheimer: A Life],” Office for History of Science and Technology, University of California, Berkeley</ref> (equivalent to more than $4.5 million today),<ref>[http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/cpicalc.pl Inflation Calculator], United States Bureau of Labor Statistics</ref> and began contributing approximately $150 a month<ref>[[#refAECH|AEC Hearing]]: 185 (PDF 195)</ref> (equivalent to more than $2,000 a month today),<ref>[http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/cpicalc.pl Inflation Calculator], United States Bureau of Labor Statistics</ref> at first via [[Communist front]]s<ref>Special Committee on Un-American Activities, House Report 1311 on the CIO Political Action Committee, March 29, 1944, pp. 82, 140, and 180; Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review Board, released April 27, 1949; both cited in 85th Congress, 1st Session House Document No. 226, [http://ia360641.us.archive.org/2/items/guidetosubversiv1957unit/guidetosubversiv1957unit_bw.pdf Guide to Subversive Organizations and Publications] (Washington: US GPO, 1957), p. 69 (PDF p. 85)</ref> such as the Spanish Aid Committee<ref>[[#refCINRAD|CINRAD]]: 227 (PDF 236)</ref> (aiding the [[Soviet]]-armed forces in the [[Spanish Civil War]]), then directly to [[Isaac Folkoff|Folkoff]] or [[Communist Party]] official Thomas Addis.<ref>[[#refBird-Sherwin|Bird, Sherwin 2006]]: 123. Cf. [[#refHK99|Haynes, Klehr 1999]]: 352</ref>

Upon his father's death in 1937, Oppenheimer inherited more than $300,000<ref>“[http://ohst.berkeley.edu/oppenheimer/exhibit/text/ch2page2.html Oppenheimer: A Life],” Office for History of Science and Technology, University of California, Berkeley</ref> (equivalent to more than $4.5 million today),<ref>[http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/cpicalc.pl Inflation Calculator], United States Bureau of Labor Statistics</ref> and began contributing approximately $150 a month<ref>[[#refAECH|AEC Hearing]]: 185 (PDF 195)</ref> (equivalent to more than $2,000 a month today),<ref>[http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/cpicalc.pl Inflation Calculator], United States Bureau of Labor Statistics</ref> at first via [[Communist front]]s<ref>Special Committee on Un-American Activities, House Report 1311 on the CIO Political Action Committee, March 29, 1944, pp. 82, 140, and 180; Attorney General Tom Clark, letter to Loyalty Review Board, released April 27, 1949; both cited in 85th Congress, 1st Session House Document No. 226, [http://ia360641.us.archive.org/2/items/guidetosubversiv1957unit/guidetosubversiv1957unit_bw.pdf Guide to Subversive Organizations and Publications] (Washington: US GPO, 1957), p. 69 (PDF p. 85)</ref> such as the Spanish Aid Committee<ref>[[#refCINRAD|CINRAD]]: 227 (PDF 236)</ref> (aiding the [[Soviet]]-armed forces in the [[Spanish Civil War]]), then directly to [[Isaac Folkoff|Folkoff]] or [[Communist Party]] official Thomas Addis.<ref>[[#refBird-Sherwin|Bird, Sherwin 2006]]: 123. Cf. [[#refHK99|Haynes, Klehr 1999]]: 352</ref>

When he joined the [[Manhattan Project]] in 1942,<ref>[[#refAECH|AEC Hearing]]: 9 (PDF 19)</ref> Oppenheimer wrote on his personal security questionnaire that he had been "a member of just about every Communist Front organization on the West Coast."<ref>"Filling in a security questionnaire, Oppie had lately admitted that he had been 'a member of just about every Communist-front organization on the West Coast'..." Peter Wyden, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=IlZ6AAAAIAAJ Day One: Before Hiroshima and After]'' (Simon and Schuster, 1984) ISBN 0671461427, p. 49. Cf. "As Oppenheimer was to write on a 1942 security questionnaire... : '...I have been a member of just about every Communist Front organization on the West Coast.'" Rachel Teukolsky, "[http://sciencereview.berkeley.edu/articles/issue1/scientistx.pdf Regarding Scientist X]," ''Berkeley Science Review,'' Issue 1 (Spring 2001), p. 17; "When he joined the atomic bomb project he admitted in his security questionnaire that he had been 'a member of just about every Communist Front organization on the West Coast.'" [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/bomb/peopleevents/pandeAMEX65.html J. Robert Oppenheimer, (1904 - 1967)], "Race for the Superbomb," ''American Experience'', PBS</ref> In September 1943, he repeated to Gen. Leslie Groves, head of the Manhattan Project, that he had "probably belonged to every Communist-front organization on the west coast."<ref>[[#refAECH|AEC Hearing]]: 159 (PDF 169). Cf. Philip M. Stern with Harold P. Green, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=i_tBAAAAIAAJ The Oppenheimer Case: Security on Trial]'' (New York: Harper & Row, 1969) ISBN 0246640359, p. 15</ref> Later that month, Lt. Col. John Lansdale, Jr., head of Security and Intelligence for the Manhattan Project, interviewed Oppenheimer, stating: "You've probably belonged to every front organization on the coast"; Oppenheimer reiterated: "Just about."<ref>[[#refAECH|AEC Hearing]]: 204 (PDF 214)</ref>

When he joined the [[Manhattan Project]] in 1942,<ref>[[#refAECH|AEC Hearing]]: 9 (PDF 19)</ref> Oppenheimer wrote on his personal security questionnaire that he had been "a member of just about every Communist Front organization on the West Coast."<ref>"Filling in a security questionnaire, Oppie had lately admitted that he had been 'a member of just about every Communist-front organization on the West Coast'..." Peter Wyden, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=IlZ6AAAAIAAJ Day One: Before Hiroshima and After]'' (Simon and Schuster, 1984) ISBN 0671461427, p. 49. Cf. "As Oppenheimer was to write on a 1942 security questionnaire... : '...I have been a member of just about every Communist Front organization on the West Coast.'" Rachel Teukolsky, "[http://sciencereview.berkeley.edu/articles/issue1/scientistx.pdf Regarding Scientist X]," ''Berkeley Science Review,'' Issue 1 (Spring 2001), p. 17; "When he joined the atomic bomb project he admitted in his security questionnaire that he had been 'a member of just about every Communist Front organization on the West Coast.'" [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/bomb/peopleevents/pandeAMEX65.html J. Robert Oppenheimer, (1904 - 1967)], "Race for the Superbomb," ''American Experience'', PBS</ref> In September 1943, he repeated to Gen. Leslie Groves, head of the Manhattan Project, that he had "probably belonged to every Communist-front organization on the west coast."<ref>[[#refAECH|AEC Hearing]]: 159 (PDF 169). Cf. Philip M. Stern with Harold P. Green, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=i_tBAAAAIAAJ The Oppenheimer Case: Security on Trial]'' (New York: Harper & Row, 1969) ISBN 0246640359, p. 15</ref> Later that month, Lt. Col. John Lansdale, Jr., head of Security and Intelligence for the Manhattan Project, interviewed Oppenheimer, stating: "You've probably belonged to every front organization on the coast"; Oppenheimer reiterated: "Just about."<ref>[[#refAECH|AEC Hearing]]: 204 (PDF 214)</ref>