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'''Fabian socialism''' is a type of [[socialism]] founded in 1884 in Britain. It sought use of the democratic framework to achieve gradual conversion to socialism.  This approach originated from the movement for utopian socialism.  Its nine<ref name="Story"/> founding members were Frank Podmore, Edward R. Pease, William Clarke, Hubert Bland,<ref name="McBriar">{{cite book|last1=McBriar|first1=Alan M.|title=Fabian Socialism and English Politics, 1884-1918|date=1962|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]}}</ref> Percival Chubb, Frederick Keddell,<ref name="Story">{{cite book|last1=Cole|first1=Margaret|title=The Story of Fabian Socialism|date=1961|publisher=[[Stanford University]] Press|isbn=978-1163700105}}</ref> Henry Hyde Champion,<ref name="Pease">{{cite book|last1=Pease|first1=Edward R.|title=The History of the Fabian Society|date=1916}}</ref>[[E. Nesbit|Edith Nesbit]],<ref>{{cite book|last1=Matthews|first1=Race|title=Australia's First Fabians: Middle-class Radicals, Labour Activists and the Early Labour Movement|date=1993|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]}}</ref> and Rosamund Dale Owen.<ref name="McBriar"/><ref name="Story"/>  Havelock Ellis is sometimes also mentioned as a tenth founding member, though there is some question about this.<ref name="Story"/>

'''Fabian socialism''' is a type of [[socialism]] founded in 1884 in Britain. It sought use of the democratic framework to achieve gradual conversion to socialism.  This approach originated from the movement for utopian socialism.  Its nine<ref name="Story"/> founding members were Frank Podmore, Edward R. Pease, William Clarke, Hubert Bland,<ref name="McBriar">{{cite book|last1=McBriar|first1=Alan M.|title=Fabian Socialism and English Politics, 1884-1918|date=1962|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]}}</ref> Percival Chubb, Frederick Keddell,<ref name="Story">{{cite book|last1=Cole|first1=Margaret|title=The Story of Fabian Socialism|date=1961|publisher=[[Stanford University]] Press|isbn=978-1163700105}}</ref> Henry Hyde Champion,<ref name="Pease">{{cite book|last1=Pease|first1=Edward R.|title=The History of the Fabian Society|date=1916}}</ref>[[E. Nesbit|Edith Nesbit]],<ref>{{cite book|last1=Matthews|first1=Race|title=Australia's First Fabians: Middle-class Radicals, Labour Activists and the Early Labour Movement|date=1993|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]}}</ref> and Rosamund Dale Owen.<ref name="McBriar"/><ref name="Story"/>  Havelock Ellis is sometimes also mentioned as a tenth founding member, though there is some question about this.<ref name="Story" />

Important Fabians includes Beatrice and Sidney Webb, [[Annie Besant]], and [[Bertrand Russell]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Carson |first1=Clarence B. |url=http://fee.org/freeman/detail/the-rise-and-fall-of-england-11-the-fabian-thrust-to-socialism |title=The Rise and Fall of England: 11. The Fabian Thrust to Socialism |work=[[The Freeman]] |date=January 01, 1969 }}</ref>.

Important Fabians includes Beatrice and Sidney Webb, [[Annie Besant]], and [[Bertrand Russell]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Carson |first1=Clarence B. |url=http://fee.org/freeman/detail/the-rise-and-fall-of-england-11-the-fabian-thrust-to-socialism |title=The Rise and Fall of England: 11. The Fabian Thrust to Socialism |work=[[The Freeman]] |date=January 01, 1969 }}</ref>.

===Inevitability of Gradualness===

===Inevitability of Gradualness===

The phrase ''Inevitability of Gradualness'' is a phrase that was coined by [[Sidney Webb]], probably in small talk after the publication of his highly influential 1889 essay ''The Historic Basis of Socialism''.<ref name=1889>{{cite book|title=Fabian Essays in Socialism|date=1889}}</ref>

The phrase ''Inevitability of Gradualness'' is a phrase that was coined by [[Sidney Webb]], probably in small talk after the publication of his highly influential 1889 essay ''The Historic Basis of Socialism''.<ref name="Essays">{{cite book|title=Fabian Essays in Socialism|date=1889}}</ref>

Gradualness was also written about by Bernard Shaw.  He wrote:

Gradualness was also written about by Bernard Shaw.  He wrote:

{{cquote|The necessity for cautious and gradual change must be obvious to everyone here, and would be made obvious to everyone elsewhere if only the catastrophists were courageously and sensibly dealtwith in discussion.  What then does a gradual transition to Social Democracy means specifically?  It means the gradual extension of the franchise; and the transfer of rent and interest to the state, not in one lump sum, but by instalments.<ref name=1889>}}

{{cquote|The necessity for cautious and gradual change must be obvious to everyone here, and would be made obvious to everyone elsewhere if only the catastrophists were courageously and sensibly dealtwith in discussion.  What then does a gradual transition to Social Democracy means specifically?  It means the gradual extension of the franchise; and the transfer of rent and interest to the state, not in one lump sum, but by instalments.<ref name="Essays" />}}

==London School of Economics==

==London School of Economics==