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'''Edward Bellamy''' (1850-1898) was a socialist author who, under the title of 'nationalism', brought socialism into the United States.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Heath |first1=Frederic |year=1900 |title=Social democracy red book |publisher=Debs publishing Company |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=46A0AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA64 |pages=42 |quote=The American awakening to Socialism began with the appearance of Edward Bellamy's "Looking Backward" in 1888, although in 1884 Laurence Gronlund's "Co-operative Commonwealth" was the first book to place the new theory before American readers in a popular way. This had a very fair sale and set many prominent men to thinking along new lines - and among them probably the novelist Edward Bellamy himself. "Looking Backward" was not at all scientific in its conception of Socialism or the probable Socialistic state, but it came as a great message to the American people, nevertheless, and its success was phenomenal. In the succeeding few years over 600,000 copies were sold and for a time it had a record of sales of over 1,000 a day. Still it must be noted that the word Socialism nowhere appeared in the book. Bellamy and his converts at once organized clubs, which, with a cowardice that was perhaps justified, they called Nationalist clubs, and they persisted in calling their Socialism ''Nationalism''.}}</ref>

'''Edward Bellamy''' (1850-1898) was a socialist author who published the book [[Looking Backward]].  Under the title of 'nationalism', he brought socialism into the United States.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Heath |first1=Frederic |year=1900 |title=Social democracy red book |publisher=Debs publishing Company |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=46A0AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA64 |pages=42 |quote=The American awakening to Socialism began with the appearance of Edward Bellamy's "Looking Backward" in 1888, although in 1884 Laurence Gronlund's "Co-operative Commonwealth" was the first book to place the new theory before American readers in a popular way. This had a very fair sale and set many prominent men to thinking along new lines - and among them probably the novelist Edward Bellamy himself. "Looking Backward" was not at all scientific in its conception of Socialism or the probable Socialistic state, but it came as a great message to the American people, nevertheless, and its success was phenomenal. In the succeeding few years over 600,000 copies were sold and for a time it had a record of sales of over 1,000 a day. Still it must be noted that the word Socialism nowhere appeared in the book. Bellamy and his converts at once organized clubs, which, with a cowardice that was perhaps justified, they called Nationalist clubs, and they persisted in calling their Socialism ''Nationalism''.}}</ref>

==Early Life==

==Early Life==

===Looking Backward===

===Looking Backward===

The book was widely circulated in America and Europe, and was translated into several foreign languages. It was at first judged merely as a romance, but was soon accepted as a statement of the deliberate wishes and methods of its author, who devoted the remainder of his life as editor, author, lecturer and politician, to the promotion of the communistic theories of Looking Backward, which he called "nationalism"; a Nationalist party (the main points of whose immediate programme, according to Bellamy, were embodied in the platform of the People's party of 1892) was organized, but obtained no political hold.

[[Looking Backward]] was widely circulated in America and Europe, and was translated into several foreign languages. It was at first judged merely as a romance, but was soon accepted as a statement of the deliberate wishes and methods of its author, who devoted the remainder of his life as editor, author, lecturer and politician, to the promotion of the communistic theories of Looking Backward, which he called "nationalism"; a Nationalist party (the main points of whose immediate programme, according to Bellamy, were embodied in the platform of the People's party of 1892) was organized, but obtained no political hold.

====Influence====

====Influence====

* ''Dr. Heidenhoff's Process'' (1880)

* ''Dr. Heidenhoff's Process'' (1880)

* ''Miss Ludington's Sister'' (1884)

* ''Miss Ludington's Sister'' (1884)

* [https://archive.org/details/lookingbackward01bellgoog ''Looking Backward, 2000–1887.''], (1889)

* [[Looking Backward|''Looking Backward, 2000–1887'']], (1889)

* [https://archive.org/details/TheProgrammeOfTheNationalists ''The Programme of the Nationalists.''], (1894)

* [https://archive.org/details/TheProgrammeOfTheNationalists ''The Programme of the Nationalists.''], (1894)

* [https://archive.org/details/equality00bell ''Equality''], (1898)

* [https://archive.org/details/equality00bell ''Equality''], (1898)

==References==

==References==