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Line 25: − Pope Francis is also set to sign a treaty that includes a provision that will recognize [[Palestine]] as a state <ref name="recognizepalestine">[http://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/14/world/middleeast/vatican-to-recognize-palestinian-state-in-new-treaty.html New York Times: ''Vatican to recognize Palestinian State in new treaty'']</ref>.+ − − − − Cardinal Bergoglio, now Pope Francis, has been an outspoken critic of [[homosexual]] adoption of children, explaining that it is discriminatory against the children.<ref name="childrensrights">[http://au.news.yahoo.com/latest/a/-/latest/16363162/who-is-jorge-bergoglio Yahoo News, Australia: ''Children's rights, Pope Francis'']</ref> Pope Francis is also strongly [[pro-life]], and has referred [[abortion]] as the "culture of death." − − <blockquote> − Among his teachings and stands, he strongly affirms church teaching on the intrinsic immorality of homosexual practices, though he teaches the importance of respecting homosexual persons. He strongly opposed legislation introduced in 2010 by the Argentine Government to give legal equivalency between true marriage and homosexual partners. <ref name="newsconsortium">[http://www.catholic.org/hf/faith/story.php?id=50111 Catholic Online: ''NEW POPE: Who is this man named Bergoglio?'']</ref> − </blockquote> Line 39:
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|Born: 17 December 1936, as Jorge Mario Bergoglio
|Born: 17 December 1936, as Jorge Mario Bergoglio
Nationality: [[Argentina|Argentine]]
Nationality: [[Argentina|Argentine]]
Motto: ''Miserando atque eligendo''
Motto: ''Miserando atque eligendo''
His Holiness '''Pope Francis''' (formerly '''Jorge Mario Bergoglio''', born December 17, 1936, in [[Buenos Aires]], [[Argentina]]) became the [[Pope]] of the [[Roman Catholic Church]] on March 13, 2013. Pope Francis, elected as 266th Roman Catholic pontiff, is the first Jesuit and the first Latin American pope; First non-European pope in 1300 years. He succeeded Pope [[Benedict XVI]], to whom he was reportedly the runner-up in the papal election of 2005. <ref name="popesuccession">[http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/03/13/us-pope-succession-bergoglio-idUSBRE92C15X20130313 Reuters: ''Pope Succession'']</ref> Archbishop Bergoglio was created a cardinal by the late [[Pope John Paul II]].
His Holiness '''Pope Francis''' (formerly '''Jorge Mario Bergoglio''', born December 17, 1936, in [[Buenos Aires]], [[Argentina]]) became the [[Pope]] of the [[Roman Catholic Church]] on March 13, 2013. Pope Francis, elected as 266th Roman Catholic pontiff, is the first Jesuit and the first Latin American pope; First non-European pope in 1300 years. He succeeded Pope [[Benedict XVI]], to whom he was reportedly the runner-up in the papal election of 2005. <ref name="popesuccession">[http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/03/13/us-pope-succession-bergoglio-idUSBRE92C15X20130313 Reuters: ''Pope Succession'']</ref> Archbishop Bergoglio was created a cardinal by the late [[Pope John Paul II]].
== Background ==
==Policies==
Pope Francis entered the Society of Jesus in 1958. As a [[Jesuit]], Cardinal Bergoglio rejected and opposed [[liberation theology]] in [[South America]].
Pope Francis entered the Society of Jesus in 1958. As a [[Jesuit]], Cardinal Bergoglio rejected and opposed [[liberation theology]] in [[South America]].
The son of an Italian workman who emigrated to [[Argentina]], Cardinal Bergoglio chose to carry the name of an Italian saint, "Francis", while serving as Pope. And like his papal namesake, [[St. Francis of Assisi|St. Francis]], Cardinal Bergoglio has an ascetic and humble lifestyle.
The son of an Italian workman who emigrated to [[Argentina]], Cardinal Bergoglio chose to carry the name of an Italian saint, "Francis", while serving as Pope. And like his papal namesake, [[St. Francis of Assisi|St. Francis]], Cardinal Bergoglio has an ascetic and humble lifestyle.
Pope Francis has overcome a disability: as a young man, one of his lungs was removed due to illness.
Pope Francis has overcome a disability: as a young man, one of his lungs was removed due to illness.
The Pope is the spiritual leader of 1.2 billion people - almost 17% of the Earth's population and 55% of all Christians.
The Pope is the spiritual leader of 1.2 billion people - almost 17% of the Earth's population and 55% of all Christians.
==Naming conventions==
== Naming conventions ==
Vatican tradition holds that when a new Pope is elected and takes a name that has not been used by a prior pope, they will be referred to simply as "Pope ______", rather than "Pope ______ I" until another pope has taken the same name. In this case "Pope Francis". <ref name="popename">[http://www.latimes.com/news/world/worldnow/la-fg-wn-vatican-pope-francis-name-20130313,0,1309501.story Los Angeles Times: ''Pope Naming'']</ref><ref name="popename2">[http://www.cnn.com/2013/03/13/world/pope-name/index.html?hpt=hp_t1 CNN: ''Pope Francis' name choice 'precedent shattering''']</ref>
[[Vatican City|Vatican]] tradition holds that when a new Pope is elected and takes a name that has not been used by a prior pope, they will be referred to simply as "Pope ______", rather than "Pope ______ I" until another pope has taken the same name. In this case "Pope Francis". <ref name="popename">[http://www.latimes.com/news/world/worldnow/la-fg-wn-vatican-pope-francis-name-20130313,0,1309501.story Los Angeles Times: ''Pope Naming'']</ref><ref name="popename2">[http://www.cnn.com/2013/03/13/world/pope-name/index.html?hpt=hp_t1 CNN: ''Pope Francis' name choice 'precedent shattering''']</ref>
[[File:Pope Francis march 2013 First mass.jpg|thumb|right|Pope Francis' first mass]]
[[File:Pope Francis march 2013 First mass.jpg]]
== Scientific Views ==
==Scientific Views==
=== Evolution and Big Bang ===
=== Evolution and Big Bang ===
Pope Francis recently declared [[evolution]] and [[Big Bang theory]] to be right and that God isn't "a magician with a magic wand".
Pope Francis recently declared [[evolution]] and [[Big Bang theory]] to be right and that God isn't "a magician with a magic wand".
Speaking at the Pontifical Academy of Sciences, the Pope made comments which experts said put an end to the “pseudo theories” of [[creationism]] and [[intelligent design]] that some argue were encouraged by his predecessor, Benedict XVI.<ref name="magicwand">[http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/pope-francis-declares-evolution-and-big-bang-theory-are-right-and-god-isnt-a-magician-with-a-magic-wand-9822514.html Independent: ''Evolution and Big Bang Theory are right, and God isn't a magician with a magic wand'']</ref>
Speaking at the Pontifical Academy of Sciences, the Pope made comments which experts said put an end to the “[[Pseudoscience|pseudo theories]]” of [[creationism]] and [[intelligent design]] that some argue were encouraged by his predecessor, Benedict XVI.<ref name="magicwand">[http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/pope-francis-declares-evolution-and-big-bang-theory-are-right-and-god-isnt-a-magician-with-a-magic-wand-9822514.html Independent: ''Evolution and Big Bang Theory are right, and God isn't a magician with a magic wand'']</ref>
== Political Views ==
== Political Views ==
=== Homosexuality ===
=== Homosexuality ===
Pope Francis understands the harm posed by the [[homosexual agenda]], and has even acknowledged the presence of a "[[gay lobby]]" in the [[Vatican]] that he seemed to suggest operated from corrupt motives. <ref name="vaticansgaylobby">[http://www.theamericanconservative.com/articles/what-pope-francis-meant-by-the-vaticans-gay-lobby The American Conservative: ''Pope Francis and the Vatican's 'gay lobby''', Giraldi, Philip (18 June 2013)]</ref>
Pope Francis believes there is harm posed by the [[homosexuality]], and has even acknowledged the presence of a "[[gay lobby]]" in the [[Vatican]] that he seemed to suggest operated from corrupt motives. <ref name="vaticansgaylobby">[http://www.theamericanconservative.com/articles/what-pope-francis-meant-by-the-vaticans-gay-lobby The American Conservative: ''Pope Francis and the Vatican's 'gay lobby''', Giraldi, Philip (18 June 2013)]</ref>
=== Conscientious objection to same-sex marriage ===
=== Conscientious objection to same-sex marriage ===
Pope Francis has stated, in regard to the political case of Kim Davis, that a person should have the [[Human rights|right]] to refuse to carry out a duty, if it violates the person's [[Conscientious objector|conscience]].<ref name="kimdavis">[http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/pope-francis-visits-america/pope-francis-i-understand-anger-catholic-church-sex-abuse-victims-n434681 NBC News: ''Conscientious objection is a human right, Pope Francis'']</ref><ref name="kimdavis2">[http://time.com/4051727/pope-francis-papal-plane/ Time: ''What Pope Francis thought of the United States'']</ref>
Pope Francis has stated, in regard to the political case of Kim Davis, that a person should have the [[Human rights|right]] to refuse to carry out a duty, if it violates the person's [[Conscientious objector|conscience]].<ref name="kimdavis">[http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/pope-francis-visits-america/pope-francis-i-understand-anger-catholic-church-sex-abuse-victims-n434681 NBC News: ''Conscientious objection is a human right, Pope Francis'']</ref><ref name="kimdavis2">[http://time.com/4051727/pope-francis-papal-plane/ Time: ''What Pope Francis thought of the United States'']</ref>
=== Homosexuals adopting children ===
Cardinal Bergoglio, now Pope Francis, has been an outspoken critic of [[homosexual]] adoption of children, explaining that it is [[Discrimination|discriminatory]] against the children.<ref name="childrensrights">[http://au.news.yahoo.com/latest/a/-/latest/16363162/who-is-jorge-bergoglio Yahoo News, Australia: ''Children's rights, Pope Francis'']</ref> Pope Francis is also strongly [[pro-life]], and has referred [[abortion]] as the "culture of death."
<blockquote>
Among his teachings and stands, he strongly affirms church teaching on the intrinsic immorality of homosexual practices, though he teaches the importance of respecting homosexual persons. He strongly opposed legislation introduced in 2010 by the Argentine Government to give legal equivalency between true marriage and homosexual partners. <ref name="newsconsortium">[http://www.catholic.org/hf/faith/story.php?id=50111 Catholic Online: ''NEW POPE: Who is this man named Bergoglio?'']</ref>
</blockquote>
=== Church sexual abuse of children ===
On September 27, 2015, Pope Francis met with victims of [[Sexual assault|sexual abuse]] by [[Clergy|clergymen]] of the [[Roman Catholic Church|Church]]. He apologized on their behalf, and promised to hold those responsible accountable.
=== Persecution and human rights ===
=== Persecution and human rights ===
Pope Francis has spoken out against violence of minorities in the Middle-East,<ref name="persecutingminorities">[http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/aug/10/pope-francis-iraq-isis-islamic-state-religious-minorities-violence The Guardian: ''Isis violence against minorities in Iraq must be stopped, Pope Francis'']</ref> including that of Christians, and, contrary to the typical Catholic views, has endorsed the use of force, if necessary, to accomplish this goal.<ref name="persecutionforceifnecessary">[http://www.businessinsider.com/pope-francis-endorses-use-of-force-against-isis-in-iraq-2014-8?IR=T Business Insider: ''Pope Francis Endorses Use Of Force Against ISIS In Iraq'']</ref>
Pope Francis has spoken out against violence of minorities in the Middle-East,<ref name="persecutingminorities">[http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/aug/10/pope-francis-iraq-isis-islamic-state-religious-minorities-violence The Guardian: ''Isis violence against minorities in Iraq must be stopped, Pope Francis'']</ref> including that of Christians, and, contrary to the typical Catholic views, has endorsed the use of force, if necessary, to accomplish this goal.<ref name="persecutionforceifnecessary">[http://www.businessinsider.com/pope-francis-endorses-use-of-force-against-isis-in-iraq-2014-8?IR=T Business Insider: ''Pope Francis Endorses Use Of Force Against ISIS In Iraq'']</ref>
==See also==
His holiness remains an adamant supporter of [[Social Justice]]. His 2009 speech, titled Las deudas sociales de nuestro tiempo, or The Social Debts of our Time, lays out his views on the world's inequality, between rich and poor, especially in [[Argentina]]. He further rebuked the wealthy, claiming that "You ''[the wealthy]'' avoid taking into account the poor. We have no right to duck down, to lower the arms carried by those in despair. We must reclaim the memory of our country who has a mother, recover the memory of our Mother".
=== Palestine and Israel ===
Pope Francis is also set to sign a treaty that includes a provision that will recognize [[Palestine]] as a state <ref name="recognizepalestine">[http://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/14/world/middleeast/vatican-to-recognize-palestinian-state-in-new-treaty.html New York Times: ''Vatican to recognize Palestinian State in new treaty'']</ref>.
== See also ==
* [[Jesus Christ]]
* [[Jesus Christ]]