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* Every individual necessarily labors to render the annual revenue of society as great as he can. He generally neither intends to promote the public interest, nor knows how much he is promoting it. He intends only his own gain, and he is, in this, as in many other cases, led by an invisible hand to promote an end which was not part of his intention.<ref>[http://quotes.cat-v.org/economics]</ref>

* Every individual necessarily labors to render the annual revenue of society as great as he can. He generally neither intends to promote the public interest, nor knows how much he is promoting it. He intends only his own gain, and he is, in this, as in many other cases, led by an invisible hand to promote an end which was not part of his intention.<ref>[http://quotes.cat-v.org/economics]</ref>

Smith's promotion and popularization of the concept in his 1776 book [[The Wealth of Nations]], and it propelled the [[British Empire]] to become the greatest power in the history of the world in the 19th century.  

Smith's promotion and popularization of the concept in his 1776 book ''[[The Wealth of Nations]]'', and it propelled the [[British Empire]] to become the greatest power in the history of the world in the 19th century.  

He theorized that the self-interest of individuals acting independently will lead to a socially optimal outcome:<ref>[http://www.econlib.org/LIBRARY/Smith/smWN13.html ''Wealth of Nations'', Book IV, Chapter 2]</ref>

He theorized that the self-interest of individuals acting independently will lead to a socially optimal outcome:<ref>[http://www.econlib.org/LIBRARY/Smith/smWN13.html ''Wealth of Nations'', Book IV, Chapter 2]</ref>