During the early and mid 1930's, Burnham was a committed Trotskyite Communist.<ref>{{cite book|url=
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During the early and mid 1930's, Burnham was a committed Trotskyite Communist,<ref>{{cite book|url=
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https://books.google.com/books?id=QcAeAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA67|last1=Holmes|first1=Kim|title=Rebound: Getting America Back to Great|date=2013|publisher=Rowman and Littlefield|pages=67}}</ref>
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https://books.google.com/books?id=QcAeAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA67|last1=Holmes|first1=Kim|title=Rebound: Getting America Back to Great|date=2013|publisher=Rowman and Littlefield|pages=67}}</ref> and helped to found the American Workers Party<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=o1tZpr06WPsC&pg=PA387 Benton, Pollock, and the Politics of Modernism: From Regionalism to Abstract Expressionism]</ref> with A. J. Muste and Sidney Hook.
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His beliefs in Trotskyism were short lived. By 1940's, he had openly resigned from the communist movement.<ref>[https://www.marxists.org/history/etol/writers/weber/1940/08/burnham.htm Burnham’s Letter of Resignation] - Marxists.org</ref>