Changes

===Blacks===

===Blacks===

[[File:Scotts5.JPG|left|thumb|Excerpt of letter from [[NAACP]] Chairman [[Roy Wilkins]] to [[William L. Patterson]], Executive Director of the [[CPUSA front]] organization, [[Attorney General's list| Civil Rights Congress]].  The letter reads in part, "We remember that in the [[Scottsboro case]], the NAACP was subject to the most unprincipled vilification.  We remember the campaign of slander in the ''[[Daily Worker]]''..." [http://www.usasurvival.org/docs/hawaii-obama.pdf p.43] ]]

[[File:Scotts5.JPG|left|thumb|Excerpt of letter from [[NAACP]] Chairman [[Roy Wilkins]] to [[William L. Patterson]], Executive Director of the [[CPUSA front]] organization, [[Attorney General's list| Civil Rights Congress]].  The letter reads in part, "We remember that in the [[Scottsboro case]], the NAACP was subject to the most unprincipled vilification.  We remember the campaign of slander in the ''[[Daily Worker]]''..." [http://www.usasurvival.org/docs/hawaii-obama.pdf p.43] ]]

In 1928 the 6th Congress of the Comintern in Moscow resolved that the black population of the American South was a subject nation, thus capable of engendering a "[[national movement|national revolutionary movement]]," and ordered the CPUSA to give high priority to mobilizing blacks.  In ''Toward Soviet America'' [[William Z. Foster]] wrote, "the right of self-determination will apply to Negroes in the American Soviet system. In the so-called Black Belt of the South, where the Negroes are in the majority, they will have the fullest right to govern themselves."<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/towardsovietamer00fostrich#page/304/mode/2up ''Toward Soviet America''], William Z. Foster, Coward-McCann, New York, 1932, p. 304.</ref>  The party made the 1931 Scottsboro lynching case its favorite publicity issue, making the maltreatment of African Americans a matter of international concern for the first time, and locked it into the American radical-liberal political agenda. The [[communist front]] organization, the [[International Labor Defense]] (ILD), solicited and raised a considerable amount of money for the defense of the "[[Scottsboro  Boys]]" but the full amount was not used for the Scottsboro defendants.<ref>[http://www.usasurvival.org/docs/who.frank.marshall.davis.pdf Who Was Frank Marshall Davis?], by Herbert Romerstein, USASurvival, p. 8.</ref> Several prominent African-American intellectuals and celebrities, such as [[Paul Robeson]], [[Langston Hughes]], [[Richard Wright]] and [[Frank Marshall Davis]] became radicalized at this time as a result of the Scottsboro case, and the official Moscow directed position of the CPUSA to overthrow state and federal governments had an appeal because of maltreatment in the courts and the ever present threat of lynching.

In 1928 the 6th Congress of the Comintern in Moscow resolved that the black population of the American South was a subject nation, thus capable of engendering a "[[national movement|national revolutionary movement]]," and ordered the CPUSA to give high priority to mobilizing blacks.  In ''[[Toward Soviet America]]'' [[William Z. Foster]] wrote, "the right of self-determination will apply to Negroes in the American Soviet system. In the so-called Black Belt of the South, where the Negroes are in the majority, they will have the fullest right to govern themselves."<ref>''[[Toward Soviet America]]'', William Z. Foster, Coward-McCann, New York, 1932, p. 304.</ref>  The party made the 1931 Scottsboro lynching case its favorite publicity issue, making the maltreatment of African Americans a matter of international concern for the first time, and locked it into the American radical-liberal political agenda. The [[communist front]] organization, the [[International Labor Defense]] (ILD), solicited and raised a considerable amount of money for the defense of the "[[Scottsboro  Boys]]" but the full amount was not used for the Scottsboro defendants.<ref>[http://www.usasurvival.org/docs/who.frank.marshall.davis.pdf Who Was Frank Marshall Davis?], by Herbert Romerstein, USASurvival, p. 8.</ref> Several prominent African-American intellectuals and celebrities, such as [[Paul Robeson]], [[Langston Hughes]], [[Richard Wright]] and [[Frank Marshall Davis]] became radicalized at this time as a result of the Scottsboro case, and the official Moscow directed position of the CPUSA to overthrow state and federal governments had an appeal because of maltreatment in the courts and the ever present threat of lynching.

After 1930 the Party strongly supported creation of a Negro Soviet Socialist Republic, weeded out racism among its white members and tried to enlist a large black membership.  It enlisted only a small black membership, which tried to take over the [[Civil Rights Movement]]. Only one major figure in the Civil Rights Movement was a Communist, [[Stanley Levison]] (1912-1979), who was a top advisor to [[Martin Luther King]].<ref>See "Levison, Stanley (1912-1979)" in [http://mlk-kpp01.stanford.edu/index.php/kingpapers/article/levison_stanley_1912_1979/ ''King Encyclopedia'' online]</ref>  

After 1930 the Party strongly supported creation of a Negro Soviet Socialist Republic, weeded out racism among its white members and tried to enlist a large black membership.  It enlisted only a small black membership, which tried to take over the [[Civil Rights Movement]]. Only one major figure in the Civil Rights Movement was a Communist, [[Stanley Levison]] (1912-1979), who was a top advisor to [[Martin Luther King]].<ref>See "Levison, Stanley (1912-1979)" in [http://mlk-kpp01.stanford.edu/index.php/kingpapers/article/levison_stanley_1912_1979/ ''King Encyclopedia'' online]</ref>