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'''Postmodernism''' is an [[antichristian]],<ref>John F. MacArthur, "Think Biblically!"[http://books.google.ca/books?id=TLHM6mM1KkYC]</ref> far-left, 20th century [[worldview]] and [[academic]] movement characterized by denial of objective truth, and which [[stolen concept|asserts]] that assertions of [[objectivity|objective]] knowledge are essentially impossible.
[[File:Wexner Center.JPG|thumbnail|200px|right|The Wexner Center for the Arts at Ohio State University was the first postmodern architecture building.<ref>[https://blogs.thegospelcoalition.org/justintaylor/2014/01/13/ravi-zacharias-on-postmodern-architecture-at-ohio-state/ Ravi Zacharias on Postmodern Architecture at Ohio State]</ref> The architect of the first postmodern building said that he designed it with no design in mind.<ref>[https://blogs.thegospelcoalition.org/justintaylor/2014/01/13/ravi-zacharias-on-postmodern-architecture-at-ohio-state/ Ravi Zacharias on Postmodern Architecture at Ohio State]</ref> See: [[Atheism and architecture]] ]]
'''Postmodernism''' is an [[antichristian]],<ref>[http://books.google.ca/books?id=TLHM6mM1KkYC John F. MacArthur, "Think Biblically!"]</ref> far-left, late 20th century [[worldview]] and [[philosophical]] movement which denies objective truth, and asserts that [[objectivity|objective]] knowledge is impossible.
The [[Christian apologetics|Christian apologist]] [[Norman Geisler]] wrote about postmodernism: "In short, the root of Post-modernism is [[atheism]] and the fruit of it is [[relativism]] — relativism in every area of life and thought."<ref>[http://normangeisler.com/a-response-to-philosophical-postmodernism-2/ A Response to Philosophical Postmodernism] by [[Norman Geisler|Norman L. Geisler]]</ref> Atheists played a significant role in terms of postmodernist leadership and its following (see: [[Atheism and critical thinking#Atheism, postmodernism and a lack of critical thinking|Postmodernism and atheists]]). Furthermore, Jeff Myers and David A. Noebel note in their book ''Understanding the Times: A Survey of Competing Worldviews'' that "The [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] actually lists postmodernism as a subset of atheism."<ref>Understanding the Times: A Survey of Competing Worldviews By Jeff Myers and David A. Noebel, page 192 (endnote section)</ref> See also: [[Atheism and postmodernism]]
The [[Christian apologetics|Christian apologist]] [[Norman Geisler]] wrote about postmodernism: "In short, the root of Post-modernism is [[atheism]] and the fruit of it is [[relativism]] — relativism in every area of life and thought."<ref>[http://normangeisler.com/a-response-to-philosophical-postmodernism-2/ A Response to Philosophical Postmodernism] by [[Norman Geisler|Norman L. Geisler]]</ref> Atheists played a significant role in terms of postmodernist leadership and its following (see: [[Atheism and critical thinking#Atheism, postmodernism and a lack of critical thinking|Postmodernism and atheists]]). Furthermore, Jeff Myers and David A. Noebel note in their book ''Understanding the Times: A Survey of Competing Worldviews'' that "The [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] actually lists postmodernism as a subset of atheism."<ref>Understanding the Times: A Survey of Competing Worldviews By Jeff Myers and David A. Noebel, page 192 (endnote section)</ref> See also: [[Atheism and postmodernism]]
The term "postmodernism" comes from the causal relationship the movement has to [[modernism]], rather than a temporal relationship. Both movements coexist today.
The term "postmodernism" comes from the causal relationship the movement has to [[modernism]], rather than a temporal relationship. Both movements coexist today.
Some postmodernist ideas are:
Some postmodernist ideas are:{{fact}}
* Truth is a "[[social construct]]," rather than objectively provable.
* Truth is a "[[social construct]]," rather than objectively provable, and by extension is merely relative.
** As an extension of this, [[History]] is considered "fiction" or "storytelling"
* Human agency is the only thing allowing for ideals like peace, power, and control to actually have power since they themselves lack any despite being passed down for ages due to just being ideals.
* A society's choice of language reflects their general perceptions of the rules by which the world operates (see [[political correctness]]).
* A society's choice of language reflects their general perceptions of the rules by which the world operates (see [[political correctness]]).
* There is no one superior culture; [[Western culture]] is no better than any other (see [[cultural relativism]]). This often takes the form of ridicule of anything deemed to be part of [[traditional values]] or mainstream [[American]] culture.
* There is no one superior culture; [[Western culture]] is no better than any other (see [[cultural relativism]]). This often takes the form of ridicule of anything deemed to be part of [[traditional values]] or mainstream [[American]] culture.
* Insanity is simply a cultural creation.
* Traditional authority has a strong tendency to be false and corrupt.
* Morality is personal with tradition playing little to no role in it, and as such, "right" and "wrong" is solely a matter of perspective (see [[moral relativism]]).
* The frequent use of irony and humorous [[wordplay]] to shift the meanings of words is encouraged as this causes people to rethink their assumptions about culture and language.
* The frequent use of irony and humorous [[wordplay]] to shift the meanings of words is encouraged as this causes people to rethink their assumptions about culture and language.
* [[Gender role]]s, [[sexuality]] and [[race]] are socially constructed, not [[inborn traits]].
* [[Gender role]]s, [[sexuality]] and [[race]] are socially constructed, not [[inborn traits]].
* The only way towards peace is by embracing [[Globalism|international unity]], as [[nationalism]] causes wars.
Critics of postmodernism include those who believe in an objective truth that can be explored by human means, among others.
Critics of postmodernism include those who believe in an objective truth that can be explored by human means, among others.
==History==
Postmodernism is the work of three primary French writers: [[Jean-François Lyotard]], who coined the term "postmodern"; [[Jacques Derrida]], and especially [[Michel Foucault]]. Foucault started off as a young Marxist<ref>[https://read.dukeupress.edu/positions/article-abstract/27/1/115/137351/The-Hidden-Area-between-Marx-and-Foucault?redirectedFrom=fulltext The Hidden Area between Marx and Foucault]</ref> under the tutelage of Louis Althusser, joining the French Communist Party in the 1950s. He moved on from this, however, and became an author and formulator of his own ideas.
Through his work, Foucault re-purposes Marxism into a philosophy that can be used in any category, not just economics. Foucault sees life through interactions, and every interaction has a [[Power|power]] dynamic. Because of this, there is no truth, and instead there are only power-knowledge interactions.<ref>[https://muse.jhu.edu/article/731488 Foucault with Marx]</ref> Each interaction has a winner and loser, thus everything can be interchanged. In his book ''Discipline and Punish'', Foucault wrote:
<blockquote>Perhaps we should abandon a whole tradition that allows us to imagine that knowledge can exist only where the power relations are suspended and that knowledge can develop only outside its injunctions, its demands, and its interests. Perhaps we should abandon the belief that power makes people mad and that, by the same token, the renunciation of power is one of the conditions of knowledge. We should admit, rather, that power produces knowledge (and not simply by encouraging it because it serves power or by applying it because it is useful); that power and knowledge directly imply one another; that there is no power relation without the correlative constitution of a field of knowledge, nor any knowledge that does not presuppose and constitute at the same time power relations.</blockquote>
Within the framework of postmodernist "power relations", the denial of independent knowledge is linked at the same time with the denial of independent individuality.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=kAwvotBDTp8C&pg=PA129 Postmodernism and Its Critics]</ref> Once we arrive at a place where there is no independent knowledge nor independent individuals, truth only exists at the will of some power that can be overcome. Thus, there is no independent truth, every truth is merely someone else's "truth".
Thanks largely to Derrida and Foucault in particular entrenching themselves in the American university system, postmodernism also got incorporated into the educational system of America, especially within the University system. Ironically enough, it proved to be such a negative influence on America's educational system that France, the country that originated postmodernism, later stated that the American Ideas produced by its university system would tear France apart.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/09/world/europe/france-threat-american-universities.html</ref>
==Postmodernism, anti-Americanism, and reverse racism==
==Postmodernism, anti-Americanism, and reverse racism==
Postmodernism is routinely used by academics to attack American interventionist foreign policy, claiming that democratic society is only an aspect of western society, which should not be "forced" upon other peoples, whose cultures may be despotic or theocratic. In this regard, postmodernism is simply a euphemism for [[moral relativism]] (itself a euphemism for [[sin denial]]).
Postmodernism is routinely used by academics to attack American interventionist foreign policy, claiming that democratic society is only an aspect of western society, which should not be "forced" upon other peoples, whose cultures may be despotic or theocratic. In this regard, postmodernism is simply a [[euphemism]] for [[moral relativism]] (itself a euphemism for [[sin denial]]).
It is likewise used to attack and condemn the work and culture of white males, by claiming that any such cultural output, be it art, music, literature, etc., is patriarchal and imperialistic.
It is likewise used to attack and condemn the work and culture of white males, by claiming that any such cultural output, be it art, music, literature, etc., is patriarchal and imperialistic.
Postmodernists seek to denigrate [[Christianity]] and its accomplishments by claiming that it is only an aspect of western culture, and not inherently true. Likewise they denigrate the strong Christian [[scientific]] tradition, and attempt to marginalize Christian historical figures such as [[Isaac Newton]].
Postmodernists seek to denigrate [[Christianity]] and its accomplishments by claiming that it is only an aspect of western culture, and not inherently true. Likewise they denigrate the strong Christian [[scientific]] tradition, and attempt to marginalize Christian historical figures such as [[Isaac Newton]].
Postmodernists rely on the antichristian and [[pseudoscience|pseudoscientific]] psychological theories of [[atheist]] [[Sigmund Freud]] to draw whatever meanings they want out of texts, in a method called "psychoanalytical criticism."
Postmodernists rely on the antichristian and [[pseudoscience|pseudoscientific]] psychological theories of [[Atheism|atheist]] [[Sigmund Freud]] to draw whatever meanings they want out of texts, in a method called "psychoanalytical criticism."
==Postmodernism and immorality==
==Postmodernism and immorality==
Alan Sokal famously exposed postmodernism as deeply flawed in 1996 by successfully publishing nonsense in a postmodern journal.<ref>http://www.physics.nyu.edu/faculty/sokal/index.html</ref> Since then, postmodernism has largely been considered a laughingstock among all but the most liberal academics.
Alan Sokal famously exposed postmodernism as deeply flawed in 1996 by successfully publishing nonsense in a postmodern journal.<ref>http://www.physics.nyu.edu/faculty/sokal/index.html</ref> Since then, postmodernism has largely been considered a laughingstock among all but the most liberal academics.
==See Also==
==See also==
* [[Deconstruction]]
* [[Deconstruction]]
* [[Atheism and critical thinking]]
* [[Atheism and critical thinking]]
* [[Atheism and postmodernism]]
* [[Atheism and postmodernism]]
* [[Nihilism]]
* [[Nihilism]]
*[[Jacques Derrida]]
* [[Dada]] - an early pre-cursor to postmodernist expression
==References==
{{reflist|1}}
== External links ==
== External links ==
*[https://areomagazine.com/2017/03/27/how-french-intellectuals-ruined-the-west-postmodernism-and-its-impact-explained/ How French “Intellectuals” Ruined the West: Postmodernism and Its Impact, Explained]
*[http://thirdmill.org/files/reformedperspectives/hall_of_frame/HOF.Hale.Derrida%20and%20VanTil.6.30.04.html Derrida, Van Til and the Metaphysics of Postmodernism] An appraisal of Postmodernism, specifically Deconstruction, in light of Van Til by Jacob Gabriel Hale.
*[http://thirdmill.org/files/reformedperspectives/hall_of_frame/HOF.Hale.Derrida%20and%20VanTil.6.30.04.html Derrida, Van Til and the Metaphysics of Postmodernism] An appraisal of Postmodernism, specifically Deconstruction, in light of Van Til by Jacob Gabriel Hale.
[[Category:Artistic Movements]]
[[Category:Artistic Movements]]
[[Category:culture]]
[[Category:Culture]]
[[Category:philosophical systems]]
[[Category:Philosophical Systems]][[Category:Oxymoron]]
[[Category:Worldviews]]
[[Category:Worldviews]]