Changes

Though portrayed as liberal by the media, Pope Francis excommunicated an Australian priest who was pro-[[same-sex marriage]] and favored allowing women clergy.  The excommunication was in [[Latin]] and reportedly did not provide an explicit reason, but the bases were well-understood.<ref>http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/news/timstanley/100237450/pope-francis-excommunicates-pro-gay-marriage-priest-hes-not-the-liberal-the-media-thinks/</ref>

Though portrayed as liberal by the media, Pope Francis excommunicated an Australian priest who was pro-[[same-sex marriage]] and favored allowing women clergy.  The excommunication was in [[Latin]] and reportedly did not provide an explicit reason, but the bases were well-understood.<ref>http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/news/timstanley/100237450/pope-francis-excommunicates-pro-gay-marriage-priest-hes-not-the-liberal-the-media-thinks/</ref>

== Excommunication for [[desertion]] ==

== Excommunication for [[desertion]], racing, and acting ==

At the Council of Arles in A.D. 314, which was the first conclave of Christian bishops in the Roman Empire in the West, excommunication was established for those “who throw away their weapons in time of peace," as well as for charioteers and actors.

At the Council of Arles in A.D. 314, which was the first conclave of Christian bishops in the Roman Empire in the West, excommunication was established for those “who throw away their weapons in time of peace," as well as for charioteers and actors.