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'''Antonin "Nino" Scalia''' (March 11, 1936 – February 13, 2016) joined the U.S. [[Supreme Court]] as an Associate Justice in 1986, and quickly became its most outspoken [[conservative]] jurist. He filled a vacancy created by the retirement of Chief Justice [[Warren Burger]] and nomination of Associate Justice [[William Rehnquist]] to become Chief Justice. President [[Ronald Reagan]] nominated Scalia at the same time that he nominated Rehnquist for Chief Justice, and most opposition in the [[United States Senate|Senate]] focused all their opposition on the Rehnquist nomination. Scalia was confirmed by unanimous vote, while Rehnquist was confirmed over substantial opposition.

'''Antonin "Nino" Scalia''' (March 11, 1936 – February 13, 2016) joined the U.S. [[Supreme Court]] as an Associate Justice in 1986, and quickly became its most outspoken [[conservative]] jurist. He filled a vacancy created by the retirement of Chief Justice [[Warren Burger]] and nomination of Associate Justice [[William Rehnquist]] to become Chief Justice. President [[Ronald Reagan]] nominated Scalia at the same time that he nominated Rehnquist for Chief Justice, and most opposition in the [[United States Senate|Senate]] focused all their opposition on the Rehnquist nomination. Scalia was confirmed by unanimous vote, while Rehnquist was confirmed over substantial opposition.  Scalia's unexpected vacancy then sparked national opposition to [[Obama]] filling it.

Justice Scalia was more outspoken off the court than on it, where he was typically silent in the denial of conservative petitions for certiorari,<ref>Justice Scalia has written dissents from denials of cert only about three times in the past decade, a rate of less than 1 in 20,000 cert denials.</ref> and he often joins liberal colleagues in opinions.<ref>Scalia's off-the-court commentary has caused problems for himself, as when ''pro se'' litigant Dr. Michael Newdow successfully filed a motion that led to Justice Scalia recusing himself from Newdow's challenge to the Pledge of Allegiance to avoid the appearance of a conflict of interest. [supreme.lp.findlaw.com/supreme_court/briefs/02-1624/03-7.recuse.pdf]</ref>  Scalia once quipped about himself to the media, "Ah yes, esteemed jurist by day, man about town by night."<ref>http://www.oyez.org/justices/antonin_scalia/</ref>  Scalia's written dissents were sometimes scathing, as in ''[[Obergefell v. Hodges]]'', in ridicule of the Court opinion written by the less [[conservative]] Republican-appointed Justice [[Anthony Kennedy]].

Justice Scalia was more outspoken off the court than on it, where he was typically silent in the denial of conservative petitions for certiorari,<ref>Justice Scalia has written dissents from denials of cert only about three times in the past decade, a rate of less than 1 in 20,000 cert denials.</ref> and he often joins liberal colleagues in opinions.<ref>Scalia's off-the-court commentary has caused problems for himself, as when ''pro se'' litigant Dr. Michael Newdow successfully filed a motion that led to Justice Scalia recusing himself from Newdow's challenge to the Pledge of Allegiance to avoid the appearance of a conflict of interest. [supreme.lp.findlaw.com/supreme_court/briefs/02-1624/03-7.recuse.pdf]</ref>  Scalia once quipped about himself to the media, "Ah yes, esteemed jurist by day, man about town by night."<ref>http://www.oyez.org/justices/antonin_scalia/</ref>  Scalia's written dissents were sometimes scathing, as in ''[[Obergefell v. Hodges]]'', in ridicule of the Court opinion written by the less [[conservative]] Republican-appointed Justice [[Anthony Kennedy]].