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[[Image:Apples.jpg|thumb|right|250px]]
[[Image:Apples.jpg|thumb|right|250px]]
An '''apple''' is an edible [[Fruits|fruit]] which comes from the [[apple tree]] (''Malus sylvestris''). It is widely cultivated in [[temperate]] [[climate]]s. Over 7,000 varieties are known, of which 40 or so are commercially important. The most popular [[United States]] variety is known as the ''Delicious''. 15 - 20% of the world's crop is produced in the United States.<ref>The New American Desk Encyclopedia, Penguin Group, 1989</ref>
An '''apple''' is an edible [[Fruits|fruit]] which comes from the [[apple tree]] (''Malus sylvestris''). It is widely cultivated in [[temperate]] [[climate]]s. Over 7,000 varieties are known, of which 40 or so are commercially important. The most popular [[United States]] variety is known as the ''Delicious''. 15 - 20% of the world's crop is produced in the United States.<ref>The New American Desk Encyclopedia, Penguin Group, 1989</ref>
There are three main types of apples<ref>[[http://books.google.com/books?id=XMA9gYIj-C4C&pg=PA105&lpg=PA105&dq=There+are+three+main+types+of+apples&source=web&ots=nHNba-pdCl&sig=IM3XaCaeGA_sxJbrZHmazOAHkx8&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=13&ct=result Foods & Nutrition Encyclopedia]]</ref>, those used for:
There are three main types of apples<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=XMA9gYIj-C4C&pg=PA105&lpg=PA105&dq=There+are+three+main+types+of+apples&source=web&ots=nHNba-pdCl&sig=IM3XaCaeGA_sxJbrZHmazOAHkx8&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=13&ct=result Foods & Nutrition Encyclopedia]</ref>, those used for:
* cooking
* cooking
In popular culture, The Forbidden Fruit, which was offered by [[snake|the serpent]] to Eve, who then offered the apple to Adam, causing the fall of mankind, is often portrayed as an apple.<ref>http://www.altalang.com/beyond-words/2009/02/09/the-forbiden-fruit-etymology-of-apple/</ref> The [[Bible]] does not specify the kind of fruit.
In popular culture, The Forbidden Fruit, which was offered by [[snake|the serpent]] to Eve, who then offered the apple to Adam, causing the fall of mankind, is often portrayed as an apple.<ref>http://www.altalang.com/beyond-words/2009/02/09/the-forbiden-fruit-etymology-of-apple/</ref> The [[Bible]] does not specify the kind of fruit.
==Heath Benefits and Risks==
Apples have long been recognized as a healthy food. Although they contain sugar ([[fructose]]) they offer a variety of vitamins, minerals, and enzymes which are health for humans and many animals. Because of the health benefits of apples, the saying, "an apple a day keeps the doctor away" was coined. Unfortunately, modern apples are usually grown in the presence of [[Pesticide|pesticides]]. These pesticides do find their way into this fruit to some extent, even when only the ground is sprayed.<br />
Perhaps of greater concern to many is the new [[genetically modified]] apple variety called ''Arctic''.<ref>https://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/aphisdocs/10_16101p.pdf</ref> This variety was developed and released as quietly as possible by Okanagan Specialty Fruits.<ref>http://naturalsociety.com/genetically-modified-apples-newest-gmo-creation</ref> It is designed primarily to resist browning from oxygen exposure like regular apples. For a long time, browning has been a problem for caterers and food services, so this apple will probably be popular among the like as intended.
== References ==
== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}
[[Category: Fruits]]
[[Category: Fruits]]