An "equality principle" is judge-made doctrine that seeks equal treatment on the basis of criteria that can range from conditions for admitting states to the Union, taxation, race or gender. [[Liberals]] champion an equality principle for race and gender even though though Congress has repeatedly reject results-oriented rules, such as quotas. | An "equality principle" is judge-made doctrine that seeks equal treatment on the basis of criteria that can range from conditions for admitting states to the Union, taxation, race or gender. [[Liberals]] champion an equality principle for race and gender even though though Congress has repeatedly reject results-oriented rules, such as quotas. |