In the both the [[physical science|physical sciences]] and [[social sciences]] atheism has had a negative effect on science (See also: [[Scientists and belief in the existence of God]] and [[Christianity and science]]).
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In the both the [[physical science|physical sciences]] and [[social sciences]] atheism has had a negative effect on science. On the other hand, the culture fostered by Judeo-Christianity has had a positive effect on science (See also: [[Christianity and science]] and [[Scientists and belief in the existence of God]]).