| − | '''Compulsory unionism''' is an arrangement where [[union]] membership is a necessary condition of [[employment]]. | + | '''Compulsory unionism''' is an arrangement where [[union]] membership is a necessary condition of [[employment]]. In labor law, this is called a "closed shop." As of 2016, twenty six states have laws prohibiting closed shops.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nrtw.org/rtws.htm |