| − | In Latin America, where secularization is still limited and Protestant churches have far narrower social bases, Pentecostalism has spread very rapidly. The main force is the rapid urbanization of the continent, in which millions of people have been pushed into urban slums marked by social disarray and a chaotic informal economy. Pentecostalism serves as a healer of maladies and, for women, as a means of reducing the alcoholism and violence of men. The consequences of conversion include the cultivation of habits that increase success in the informal economy, enabling people to survive rather than sink into misery.<ref name="martin"> See Martin (2001)</ref> | + | |
| | + | In Latin America, where secularization is still limited and Protestant churches have far narrower social bases, Pentecostalism has spread very rapidly.<ref>[http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2014/11/14/why-has-pentecostalism-grown-so-dramatically-in-latin-america/ Why has Pentecostalism grown so dramatically in Latin America?]</ref> The main force is the rapid urbanization of the continent, in which millions of people have been pushed into urban slums marked by social disarray and a chaotic informal economy. Pentecostalism serves as a healer of maladies and, for women, as a means of reducing the alcoholism and violence of men. The consequences of conversion include the cultivation of habits that increase success in the informal economy, enabling people to survive rather than sink into misery.<ref name="martin"> See Martin (2001)</ref> |
| | Pentecostalism in Australia was an import from the U.S., although John Alexander Dowie conducted healing missions in Australia in the 1880s before becoming a factor in the USA. Women played a significant founding role. The Good News Hall, founded by an ex-Methodist, Janet Lancaster, in North Melbourne in 1909, was the first organised pentecostal church in Australia. Aimée Semple McPherson tour in 1922 led to the formation of the Pentecostal Church, the forerunner of the [[Assemblies of God]], which now claim approximately half of Australia's pentecostals. The visit of the American evangelist Oral Roberts in 1956 spurred public controversy but paved the way for the more recent explosion of pentecostal churches, especially in Queensland and Western Australia.<ref> See Barry Chant, ''Heart of Fire: The Story of Australian Pentecostalism'' (1973)</ref> | | Pentecostalism in Australia was an import from the U.S., although John Alexander Dowie conducted healing missions in Australia in the 1880s before becoming a factor in the USA. Women played a significant founding role. The Good News Hall, founded by an ex-Methodist, Janet Lancaster, in North Melbourne in 1909, was the first organised pentecostal church in Australia. Aimée Semple McPherson tour in 1922 led to the formation of the Pentecostal Church, the forerunner of the [[Assemblies of God]], which now claim approximately half of Australia's pentecostals. The visit of the American evangelist Oral Roberts in 1956 spurred public controversy but paved the way for the more recent explosion of pentecostal churches, especially in Queensland and Western Australia.<ref> See Barry Chant, ''Heart of Fire: The Story of Australian Pentecostalism'' (1973)</ref> |