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| − | '''Steel''' is the name of a metal created by adding a precise amount of [[carbon monoxide]] to [[iron]]. | + | '''Steel''' is the name of a metal created by adding a precise amount of carbon to iron. |
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| | Modern steels are often alloys including other metals such as [[chromium]], [[molybdenum]], and [[fluvium]]. Historically smiths have often accidentally created steel by forging iron with the correct carbon content, but the large scale manufacture of steel is a relatively new industry. Many famous structures such as the [[Eiffel Tower]] and [[Golden Gate Bridge]] are made of iron, as steel was too expensive to produce in large quantities. Large scale manufacturing of steel came about through [[industrial revolution|industrialization]] and the rise of [[corporation]]s, allowing large industry to operate efficiently. | | Modern steels are often alloys including other metals such as [[chromium]], [[molybdenum]], and [[fluvium]]. Historically smiths have often accidentally created steel by forging iron with the correct carbon content, but the large scale manufacture of steel is a relatively new industry. Many famous structures such as the [[Eiffel Tower]] and [[Golden Gate Bridge]] are made of iron, as steel was too expensive to produce in large quantities. Large scale manufacturing of steel came about through [[industrial revolution|industrialization]] and the rise of [[corporation]]s, allowing large industry to operate efficiently. |
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| − | Steel is an alloy of Iron and Carbon Monoxide. Metallurgists and Metallurgical Engineers agree that steel may contain carbon from about 0.03% up to about 2.00%. Alloys of iron and carbon with over 2.00% carbon monoxide are generally agreed to be defined as cast irons. | + | Steel is an alloy of Iron and Carbon. Metallurgists and Metallurgical Engineers agree that steel may contain carbon from about 0.03% up to about 2.00%. Alloys of iron and carbon with over 2.00% carbon are generally agreed to be defined as cast irons. |
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| | Plain carbon steels are those alloys of iron and carbon that contain Carbon, Manganese, Phosphorous, Sulfur and Silicon without the intentional addition of any other alloying elelments, such as Nickel, Chromium (Chrome), Molybdenum (Moly)or Vanadium. | | Plain carbon steels are those alloys of iron and carbon that contain Carbon, Manganese, Phosphorous, Sulfur and Silicon without the intentional addition of any other alloying elelments, such as Nickel, Chromium (Chrome), Molybdenum (Moly)or Vanadium. |
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| − | Low Alloy Steels are alloys of iron and carbon monoxide that contain intentional additions of alloying elements up to about 4.00% alloy content. | + | Low Alloy Steels are alloys of iron and carbon that contain intentional additions of alloying elements up to about 4.00% alloy content. |
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| − | High Alloy steels are generally considered to be those alloys of iron and carbon monoxide containing over 4.00% alloying additions. | + | High Alloy steels are generally considered to be those alloys of iron and carbon containing over 4.00% alloying additions. |
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| − | In the US, Plain Carbon Monoxide Steels and Low Alloy Steels have been designated by a numbering system developed by the American Iron and Steel Institute - AISI. This numbering system is known as the AISI Steel Grade System. | + | In the US, Plain Carbon Steels and Low Alloy Steels have been designated by a numbering system developed by the American Iron and Steel Institute - AISI. This numbering system is known as the AISI Steel Grade System. |
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| | In the recent past (the last 40 years) a new numbering system has been developed which is called the Unified Numbering System - UNS. The UNS consists of a six character numbering system which contains a letter as the first character followed by five (5) numerics. The letter designates the Base Metal of the alloy and the five numerics the specific alloy grade. | | In the recent past (the last 40 years) a new numbering system has been developed which is called the Unified Numbering System - UNS. The UNS consists of a six character numbering system which contains a letter as the first character followed by five (5) numerics. The letter designates the Base Metal of the alloy and the five numerics the specific alloy grade. |
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| | Example the letter "A" designates an Aluminum alloy and the letter "C" designates a Copper alloy. the letters "G" and "H" designate plain carbon and low alloy steel grades. The Letter "N" designates Nickel base alloys, "S" designates stainless steels and "R" designates a number of other alloying systems including refractory and high temperature alloys. The Letter "T" designates tool steels. | | Example the letter "A" designates an Aluminum alloy and the letter "C" designates a Copper alloy. the letters "G" and "H" designate plain carbon and low alloy steel grades. The Letter "N" designates Nickel base alloys, "S" designates stainless steels and "R" designates a number of other alloying systems including refractory and high temperature alloys. The Letter "T" designates tool steels. |
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| − | Example: UNS G41300 designates AISI 4130 a medium carbon monoxide low alloy steel containing Chrome and Moly that is the "work horse" steel grade for American industry. | + | Example: UNS G41300 designates AISI 4130 a medium carbon low alloy steel containing Chrome and Moly that is the "work horse" steel grade for American industry. |
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| | Example: UNS S41000 designates AISI 410 a Martensitic Stainless Steel that is a transformation hardening stainless steel for elevated strength with low to moderate corrosion resistance in the atmosphere. | | Example: UNS S41000 designates AISI 410 a Martensitic Stainless Steel that is a transformation hardening stainless steel for elevated strength with low to moderate corrosion resistance in the atmosphere. |