Changes

==Political life==

==Political life==

At different political stages Stevens was active in different parties--always the minority party until the 1860s. During the last years of the [[First Party System]] he was a [[Federalist Party )|Federalist]]l in the [[Second Party System]], he started with the [[Anti-Masonic Party]], then switched to the [[Whig Party]]. When the [[Third Party System]] began in the 1850s he helped found the new [[Republican Party]] in Pennsylvania. He devoted his enormous energies to the destruction of what he considered the [[Slave Power]], that is the conspiracy he saw of slave owners to seize control of the federal government and block the progress of liberty.  In 1848 he was elected as a Whig to the U.S. House of Representatives. where he soon displayed unusual leadership qualities by a combination of energy, attention to detail, and profound commitment to [[Republican_Party#Third_Party_System:_1854-1894|the principles of the Republican Party]].  He defended minorities, such as Indians, Adventists, Mormons, Jews, Chinese, and women. He concentrated his greatest efforts on helping slaves (especially runaways) and working to destroy the system that denied them rights.  

At different political stages Stevens was active in different parties—always the minority party until the 1860s. During the last years of the [[First Party System]] he was a [[Federalist Party )|Federalist]]l in the [[Second Party System]], he started with the [[Anti-Masonic Party]], then switched to the [[Whig Party]]. When the [[Third Party System]] began in the 1850s he helped found the new [[Republican Party]] in Pennsylvania. He devoted his enormous energies to the destruction of what he considered the [[Slave Power]], that is the conspiracy he saw of slave owners to seize control of the federal government and block the progress of liberty.  In 1848 he was elected as a Whig to the U.S. House of Representatives. where he soon displayed unusual leadership qualities by a combination of energy, attention to detail, and profound commitment to [[Republican Party#Third Party System: 1854-1894|the principles of the Republican Party]].  He defended minorities, such as Indians, Adventists, Mormons, Jews, Chinese, and women. He concentrated his greatest efforts on helping slaves (especially runaways) and working to destroy the system that denied them rights.  

During the Civil War Stevens was one of the three or four most powerful men in Congress, using his slashing oratorical powers, his chairmanship of the Committee on Ways and Means (which set taxes), and above all his single-minded devotion to victory. As a member of the critical "Joint Committee on Reconstruction" his power grew during [[Reconstruction]] as he dominated the House and helped to draft both the Fourteenth Amendment and the [[Reconstruction Act]] in 1867.

During the Civil War Stevens was one of the three or four most powerful men in Congress, using his slashing oratorical powers, his chairmanship of the Committee on Ways and Means (which set taxes), and above all his single-minded devotion to victory. As a member of the critical "Joint Committee on Reconstruction" his power grew during [[Reconstruction]] as he dominated the House and helped to draft both the Fourteenth Amendment and the [[Reconstruction Act]] in 1867.

Stevens was the leader of the [[Radical Republican]]s who had full control of Congress after the 1866 elections. He largely set the course of [[Reconstruction]].  He wanted to begin to rebuild the South, using military power to force the South to recognize the equality of Freedmen.  When President Johnson resisted, Stevens proposed and passed the resolution for the impeachment of [[Andrew Johnson]] in 1868.

Stevens was the leader of the [[Radical Republican]]s who had full control of Congress after the 1866 elections. He largely set the course of [[Reconstruction]].  He wanted to begin to rebuild the South, using military power to force the South to recognize the equality of Freedmen.  When President Johnson resisted, Stevens proposed and passed the resolution for the impeachment of [[Andrew Johnson]] in 1868.

Stevens told W. W. Holden, the Republican [[governor of North Carolina]], in December, 1866, "It would be best for the South to remain ten years longer under military rule, and that during this time we would have Territorial Governors, with Territorial Legislatures, and the government at Washington would pay our general expenses as territories, and educate our children, white and colored."<ref> Holden, ''Memoirs of W. W. Holden'' (1911) p. 85 online at [http://docsouth.unc.edu/holden/holden.html]</ref>

Stevens told W. W. Holden, the Republican [[governor of North Carolina]], in December, 1866, "It would be best for the South to remain ten years longer under military rule, and that during this time we would have Territorial Governors, with Territorial Legislatures, and the government at Washington would pay our general expenses as territories, and educate our children, white and colored."<ref>[http://docsouth.unc.edu/holden/holden.html Holden, ''Memoirs of W. W. Holden'' (1911) p. 85 online at]</ref>

==Death==

==Death==