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'''Otto von Bismarck''' (Otto Eduard Leopold Fürst von Bismarck, Herzog von Lauenburg, Graf von Bismarck-Schönhausen) (1815-1898) was the minister president of [[Prussia]] (1862-71), and the first [[chancellor]] of the [[German Empire]] (1871-90). Known as the "Iron Chancellor," Bismarck was the dominant political leader of Europe in the late 19th century. He was a unifier who brought together the various Germanic states into a unified [[Germany]], under Prussian leadership. His capital was [[Berlin]], but his base of power were the rich landowning "Junkers" of the eastern part of Prussia. He was fiercely patriotic and believed in [[realpolitik]] (the use of power to get practical results).

'''Otto von Bismarck''' (Otto Eduard Leopold Fürst von Bismarck, Herzog von Lauenburg, Graf von Bismarck-Schönhausen) (1815-1898) was the minister president of [[Prussia]] (1862–71), and the first [[chancellor]] of the [[German Empire]] (1871–90). Known as the "Iron Chancellor," Bismarck was the dominant political leader of Europe in the late 19th century. He was a unifier who brought together the various Germanic states into a unified [[Germany]], under Prussian leadership. His capital was [[Berlin]], but his base of power were the rich landowning "Junkers" of the eastern part of Prussia. He was fiercely patriotic and believed in [[realpolitik]] (the use of power to get practical results).

Bismarck entered Prussian politics in 1847.  He first served as ambassador to [[Russia]] and [[France]], and became the minister president and foreign minister in 1862.  He supervised the defeat of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in the [[Austro-Prussian War]] and annexed or coerced neighboring states into the [[North German Federation]].  He supervised the defeat of the French in the [[Franco-Prussian War]] and the creation of the new German Empire (the "Second Reich"); Bismarck was made its imperial chancellor and prince in 1871 and dominated the political system.   

Bismarck entered Prussian politics in 1847.  He first served as ambassador to [[Russia]] and [[France]], and became the minister president and foreign minister in 1862.  He supervised the defeat of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in the [[Austro-Prussian War]] and annexed or coerced neighboring states into the [[North German Federation]].  He supervised the defeat of the French in the [[Franco-Prussian War]] and the creation of the new German Empire (the "Second Reich"); Bismarck was made its imperial chancellor and prince in 1871 and dominated the political system.   

* Palmer, Alan. ''Bismarck,'' (1976)  

* Palmer, Alan. ''Bismarck,'' (1976)  

* Pflanze, Otto. ''Bismarck and the Development of Germany.''  3 vols. (1963–90). the standard scholarly biography

* Pflanze, Otto. ''Bismarck and the Development of Germany.''  3 vols. (1963–90). the standard scholarly biography

* Pflanze, Otto. ''Bismarck and German Nationalism,'' ''American Historical Review,''  Vol. 60, No. 3 (Apr., 1955), pp. 548-566 [http://www.jstor.org/stable/1845577 in JSTOR]

* Pflanze, Otto. ''Bismarck and German Nationalism,'' ''American Historical Review,''  Vol. 60, No. 3 (Apr., 1955), pp. 548–566 [http://www.jstor.org/stable/1845577 in JSTOR]

* Sheehan, James J. ''German History, 1770-1866'' (1989), dense, thorough political history

* Sheehan, James J. ''German History, 1770-1866'' (1989), dense, thorough political history

* Sheehan, James J. ''German liberalism in the nineteenth century'' 1978. [http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.01317.0001.001 online at ACLS e-books]

* Sheehan, James J. ''German liberalism in the nineteenth century'' 1978. [http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.01317.0001.001 online at ACLS e-books]

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