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===Contradiction===

===Contradiction===

:''Main article: [[Contradiction]]''

{{Main|Contradiction}}

A contradiction is a statement that contradicts its own terms. [[Aristotle]] famously stated that contradictions cannot exist. In any case of a contradiction, some of the premises must be false. A contradiction is an argument which includes in its reasoning:

A contradiction is a statement that contradicts its own terms. [[Aristotle]] famously stated that contradictions cannot exist. In any case of a contradiction, some of the premises must be false. A contradiction is an argument which includes in its reasoning:

====Circular reasoning====

====Circular reasoning====

:''Main article: [[Circular reasoning]]''

{{Main|Circular reasoning}}

[[Circular reasoning]], also called begging the question (Lat: petitio principii), is a form of proof by assertion in which one asserts a premise, then asserts a conclusion from that premise (directly or indirectly), and then tries to show that the last conclusion ''supports'' the original premise.

[[Circular reasoning]], also called begging the question (Lat: petitio principii), is a form of proof by assertion in which one asserts a premise, then asserts a conclusion from that premise (directly or indirectly), and then tries to show that the last conclusion ''supports'' the original premise.

===Straw man===

===Straw man===

:''Main article: [[Straw man fallacy]]

{{Main|Straw man fallacy}}

A straw man fallacy occurs by first incorrectly attributing an argument to someone, disproving this argument, then claiming that the person was wrong. A straw man argument follows the form:

A straw man fallacy occurs by first incorrectly attributing an argument to someone, disproving this argument, then claiming that the person was wrong. A straw man argument follows the form:

===Tautology===

===Tautology===

:''Main article: [[tautology]]''

{{Main|tautology}}

A [[tautology]] ([[Greek]] '''ταυτο-''' ''tauto-'', "the same") is an argument that becomes a repetition of a definition. Literally it means "the study of the same." Such an argument, or statement, can prove nothing beyond itself and is useless as a premise.

A [[tautology]] ([[Greek]] '''ταυτο-''' ''tauto-'', "the same") is an argument that becomes a repetition of a definition. Literally it means "the study of the same." Such an argument, or statement, can prove nothing beyond itself and is useless as a premise.

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==See Also==

==See also==

* [[Atheism and logical fallacies]]

* [[Atheism and logical fallacies]]

* [[Debate:Is infinite regression ever valid as a form of reasoning, or acceptable as a way the universe works, or came to be?]]

* [[Debate:Is infinite regression ever valid as a form of reasoning, or acceptable as a way the universe works, or came to be?]]

==External Links==

==External links==

*[http://creationwiki.org/Logical_fallacy Logical fallacy] by [[CreationWiki]]

*[http://creationwiki.org/Logical_fallacy Logical fallacy] by [[CreationWiki]]

*[http://www.creationsafaris.com/crevbd.htm The Baloney Detector]

*[http://www.creationsafaris.com/crevbd.htm The Baloney Detector]

*[http://www.theskepticsguide.org/logicalfallacies.asp SGU-Top 20 Fallacies]

*[http://www.theskepticsguide.org/logicalfallacies.asp SGU-Top 20 Fallacies]

* Sagan, Carl. "The Fine Art of Baloney Detection" in ''The Demon-Haunted World, Science As a Candle in the Dark';' Ballantine: New York, pp. 201-218 (1996)

* Sagan, Carl. "The Fine Art of Baloney Detection" in ''The Demon-Haunted World, Science As a Candle in the Dark';' Ballantine: New York, pp.&nbsp;201–218 (1996)

{{Liberalism}}

{{Liberalism}}

[[Category:Logic]]

[[Category:Logic]]

[[Category:Logical Fallacies| ]]

[[Category:Logical Fallacies| ]]