Changes

==Founding==

==Founding==

The ''[[Cheka]]'', or VChK, (1917-22).

The ''[[Cheka]]'', or VChK, (1917–22).

==OGPU (1923-34)==

==OGPU (1923-34)==

*[[CPUSA]]; (although CPUSA membership was legal among ''certain'' people at ''certain'' times, membership among government employees and employees of government contractors involved in the war effort, or "defense contractors relating to National Security", to use post-1947 terminology, was clearly illegal.

*[[CPUSA]]; (although CPUSA membership was legal among ''certain'' people at ''certain'' times, membership among government employees and employees of government contractors involved in the war effort, or "defense contractors relating to National Security", to use post-1947 terminology, was clearly illegal.

*CPUSA '''secret apparatus'''

*CPUSA '''secret apparatus'''

*[[KGB]] "legals", i.e. KGB agents registered in the United States on valid visas, operating under a ''[[Rezident]]'' and illegally engaged in espionage. {For the purpose of discussion on this page, KGB is used to encompass all pre-1954 predecessor names conducting foreign intelligence, Cheka or [[VChK]] (1917-22), the [[Gosudarstvennoye Politicheskoye Upravlenie|GPU]] (1922-23), the [[OGPU]] (1923-34), the [[NKVD]] (1934-41, 1941-43), the [[NKGB]] (1941, 1943-46), the [[MGB]] (1946-47, 1952-53), the [[KI]] (1947-52), the [[MVD]] (1953-54), and the KGB (1954-91)}

*KGB "legals", i.e. KGB agents registered in the United States on valid visas, operating under a ''[[Rezident]]'' and illegally engaged in espionage. {For the purpose of discussion on this page, KGB is used to encompass all pre-1954 predecessor names conducting foreign intelligence, Cheka or [[VChK]] (1917–22), the [[Gosudarstvennoye Politicheskoye Upravlenie|GPU]] (1922-23), the [[OGPU]] (1923–34), the [[NKVD]] (1934–41, 1941–43), the [[NKGB]] (1941, 1943–46), the [[MGB]] (1946–47, 1952–53), the [[KI]] (1947-52), the [[MVD]] (1953–54), and the KGB (1954-91)}

*'''KGB "Illegals"'''; agents operating under "deep cover", maybe native born maybe immigrant, and operating under their own separate ''[[Rezident]]'', (or "Station Chief", to use an analogous CIA term).

*'''KGB "Illegals"'''; agents operating under "deep cover", maybe native born maybe immigrant, and operating under their own separate ''[[Rezident]]'', (or "Station Chief", to use an analogous CIA term).

*[[GRU]], Soviet Military Intelligence (under its own ''[[Rezident]]'').

*[[GRU]], Soviet Military Intelligence (under its own ''[[Rezident]]'').

==Illegals==

==Illegals==

Illegals are parallel organizations set up independently from the two main intelligence organizations (KGB & GRU), under their own separate station chief, or ''Rezident'', for the contingent purpose should a break in diplomatic relations occur, and all legal operatives with valid passports are expelled, a parallel espionage organization remains in place.  Also, they still may be engaged in highly secret ongoing activities, and their absolute highest concern is to avoid detection.  They are "[[Sleeper_agent#Sleeper_Agents_in_Espionage|sleeper cells]]", to use a term recently popularized by American news organizations.

Illegals are parallel organizations set up independently from the two main intelligence organizations (KGB & GRU), under their own separate station chief, or ''Rezident'', for the contingent purpose should a break in diplomatic relations occur, and all legal operatives with valid passports are expelled, a parallel espionage organization remains in place.  Also, they still may be engaged in highly secret ongoing activities, and their absolute highest concern is to avoid detection.  They are "[[Sleeper agent#Sleeper Agents in Espionage|sleeper cells]]", to use a term recently popularized by American news organizations.

==Collapse of the USSR==

==Collapse of the USSR==