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The ''Tribune'' was America's most influential newspaper from the 1840s to the 1870s and "established Greeley's reputation as the greatest editor of his day."<ref>Michael Emery and Edwin Emery, ''The Press and America'' (1988) 124-6.</ref> Greeley used it to promote the [[Whig Party]] and after 1854 the new Republican party, as well as antislavery and a host of reforms. The paper appeared in daily editions for city readers. Its abridged weekly editions were read very widely by Republicans across the North, and helped shape the editorials of hundreds of local papers.

The ''Tribune'' was America's most influential newspaper from the 1840s to the 1870s and "established Greeley's reputation as the greatest editor of his day."<ref>Michael Emery and Edwin Emery, ''The Press and America'' (1988) 124-6.</ref> Greeley used it to promote the [[Whig Party]] and after 1854 the new Republican party, as well as antislavery and a host of reforms. The paper appeared in daily editions for city readers. Its abridged weekly editions were read very widely by Republicans across the North, and helped shape the editorials of hundreds of local papers.

[[Karl Marx]] was a paid [[correspondent]] in the 1850s, giving detailed reports on European politics. (Marx did not promote Marxism in these articles.)<ref> See Karl Marx, ''Dispatches for the New York Tribune: Selected Journalism of Karl Marx'' edited by Francis Wheen and James Ledbetter (2008) [http://www.amazon.com/Dispatches-New-York-Tribune-Journalism/dp/0141441925/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1230503036&sr=8-2 except and text search]</ref>

[[Karl Marx]] was a paid [[correspondent]] in the 1850s, giving detailed reports on European politics. (Marx did not promote Marxism in these articles.)<ref>See Karl Marx, ''Dispatches for the New York Tribune: Selected Journalism of Karl Marx'' edited by Francis Wheen and James Ledbetter (2008) [http://www.amazon.com/Dispatches-New-York-Tribune-Journalism/dp/0141441925/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1230503036&sr=8-2 except and text search]</ref>

   

   

It lost importance in the 20th century and was merged with the ''Herald'' to become the ''New York Herald tribune''; it folded in 1967, but continues as an American paper published in Europe.

It lost importance in the 20th century and was merged with the ''Herald'' to become the ''New York Herald tribune''; it folded in 1967, but continues as an American paper published in Europe.

==Whig Era ==

==Whig Era ==

In 1841 Greeley merged his campaign papers into the ''[[New York Tribune]]''.  It soon was a success as the leading [[Whig]] paper in the metropolis; its weekly edition reached tens of thousands of subscribers across the country. Greeley was editor of the ''Tribune'' for the rest of his life, using it as a platform for advocacy of all his causes. As historian [[Allan Nevins]] explains:

In 1841 Greeley merged his campaign papers into the ''New York Tribune''.  It soon was a success as the leading [[Whig]] paper in the metropolis; its weekly edition reached tens of thousands of subscribers across the country. Greeley was editor of the ''Tribune'' for the rest of his life, using it as a platform for advocacy of all his causes. As historian [[Allan Nevins]] explains:

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==Republican: New York Tribune==

==Republican: New York Tribune==

[[Image:Nytrib1864.jpg|thumb|right|400px|November 16, 1864 issue ]]

[[Image:Nytrib1864.jpg|thumb|right|400px|November 16, 1864 issue]]

When the new [[Republican Party]] was founded in 1854, Greeley and the ''Tribune'' became its unofficial national organ. It fought slavery extension and the slave power on every page.  On the eve of the Civil War circulation nationwide approached 300,000.  

When the new [[Republican Party]] was founded in 1854, Greeley and the ''Tribune'' became its unofficial national organ. It fought slavery extension and the slave power on every page.  On the eve of the Civil War circulation nationwide approached 300,000.  

His editorials and news reports explaining the policies and candidates of the Republican Party were reprinted and discussed throughout the country.  Many small newspapers relied heavily on the reporting and editorials of the Tribune.  He served as Congressman for three months, 1848--1849, but failed in numerous other attempts to win elective office.  In 1860 he supported the conservative ex-Whig [[Edward Bates]] of Missouri for president, an action that weakened Greeley's old ally Seward.<ref>Van Dusen 241-44</ref>

His editorials and news reports explaining the policies and candidates of the Republican Party were reprinted and discussed throughout the country.  Many small newspapers relied heavily on the reporting and editorials of the Tribune.  He served as Congressman for three months, 1848–1849, but failed in numerous other attempts to win elective office.  In 1860 he supported the conservative ex-Whig [[Edward Bates]] of Missouri for president, an action that weakened Greeley's old ally Seward.<ref>Van Dusen 241-44</ref>

Greeley made the Tribune the leading newspaper opposing the [[Slave Power]], that is, what he considered the conspiracy by slave owners to seize control of the federal government and block the progress of liberty. In the secession crisis of 1861 he took a hard line against the Confederacy.  Theoretically, he agreed, the South could declare independence; but in reality he said there was "a violent, unscrupulous, desperate minority, who have conspired to clutch power"  –secession was an illegitimate conspiracy that had to be crushed by federal power.  He took a [[Radical Republican]] position during the war, in opposition to Lincoln’s moderation.  In the summer of 1862, he wrote a famous editorial entitled "The Prayer of Twenty Millions" demanding a more aggressive attack on the Confederacy and faster emancipation of the slaves. A month later he hailed Lincoln’s [[Emancipation Proclamation]].

Greeley made the Tribune the leading newspaper opposing the [[Slave Power]], that is, what he considered the conspiracy by slave owners to seize control of the federal government and block the progress of liberty. In the secession crisis of 1861 he took a hard line against the Confederacy.  Theoretically, he agreed, the South could declare independence; but in reality he said there was "a violent, unscrupulous, desperate minority, who have conspired to clutch power"  –secession was an illegitimate conspiracy that had to be crushed by federal power.  He took a [[Radical Republican]] position during the war, in opposition to Lincoln’s moderation.  In the summer of 1862, he wrote a famous editorial entitled "The Prayer of Twenty Millions" demanding a more aggressive attack on the Confederacy and faster emancipation of the slaves. A month later he hailed Lincoln’s [[Emancipation Proclamation]].