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→Religion and crime reduction
''See also:'' [[Religion and crime reduction]]
''See also:'' [[Religion and crime reduction]]
According to the University of Manchestor:
{{cquote|People who regularly visit a place of worship are less likely to be involved in low level crime and delinquency, according to new research by a University of Manchester researcher...
“In line with existing American research, my results suggest that it is the act of mixing with fellow believers that is important, regardless of whether this is via formal worship, involvement in faith-based social activities or simply through spending time with family and friends who share your faith.
“The important thing is exposure to people who encourage pro-social behaviours, and can provide sanctions for their breach”
The study, which is the first time this type of analysis has been carried out in the UK, is to be published later this year. It was funded by the Bill Hill Charitable Trust.
The survey data comprised responses from 1,214 18 to 34-year-olds and was collected last July.<ref>[http://www.manchester.ac.uk/discover/news/article/?id=11380 Visits to place of worship linked to lower levels of criminality], University of Manchester website</ref>}}
''The Daily Mail'' reported about the University of Manchester study:
{{cquote|In total, researchers asked respondents about eight varying types of delinquency including littering, skipping school or work, using illegal drugs, fare dodging, shoplifting, music piracy, property damage and violence against the person.
Although the study found varying degrees of correlation between increased church visits and decreased crime rates, the most significant were seen in relation to shoplifting, the use of illegal drugs and music piracy.
The researchers did not include more serious, high-level crimes because they 'were too rare for the data to be able to show a significant pattern.'<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2539100/How-religion-cuts-crime-Attending-church-makes-likely-shoplift-drugs-download-music-illegally.html How religion cuts crime: Church-goers are less likely to shoplift, take drugs and download music illegally]</ref>}}
=== Baier and Wright meta-study on the deterrence effect of religion on criminality ===
A 2001 [[meta-analysis]] by Colin Baier and Bradley Wright declared: "religious beliefs and behaviors exert a moderate deterrent effect on individuals' criminal behavior".<ref>{{cite journal | doi = 10.1177/0022427801038001001 | title="If You Love Me, Keep My Commandments": A Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Religion on Crime | journal=Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency | date=2001 | volume=38 | issue=1 | pages=3–21 | first=C. J. | last=BAIER}}</ref>
=== Larson and Johnson review of studies on religion and juvenile delinquency ===
Edmund McGarrell, the Director of the Crime Control Policy Center at the [[Hudson Institute]] wrote:
{{cquote|With the support of John DiIulio’s “Jeremiah Project,” David Larson and Byron Johnson (1998) conducted what they refer to as a “systematic review” of the studies on religion and juvenile delinquency. The advantage of the systematic review approach is that it provides a quantitative assessment of the research literature that can be replicated by other researchers. Larson and Johnson provide explicit criteria for how they chose the studies to review, how they analyzed the studies, and for assessing the overall evidence from a large body of studies. The first step in the review consisted of identifying 402 articles appearing in peer reviewed articles between 1980 and 1997 that made some mention of religion or related terms and delinquency. Of these, 40 studies were identified that analyzed the potential relationship between religiosity and delinquency. As would be anticipated, the 40 studies varied in terms of methodological rigor. This variation becomes a measured variable in the systematic review whereby the authors can contrast the findings produced by studies employing more or less rigorous scientific standards.
Three-quarters of the studies reviewed found that measures of religiosity had a negative effect on delinquency (1998: 10). That is, the higher the score on the religiosity measure, the
less delinquency. Only one study reported a positive relationship with the remainder of the
studies yielding inconclusive results.<ref>[http://www.hudson.org/content/researchattachments/attachment/305/faith_based0499.pdf THE ROLE OF FAITH-BASED ORGANIZATIONS IN CRIME PREVENTION AND JUSTICE], April 1999 by Edmund McGarrell, Director Crime Control Policy Center - Hudson Institute</ref>}}
=== Belief in Hell lowers crime rate ===
''See also:'' [[Atheism and Hell]]
[https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120619093217.htm Science Daily: Belief in Hell Lowers Crime Rate]
== Religion and self-control ==
== Religion and self-control ==