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[[Image:Van Dyck Charles I from Three Angles.jpg|thumb|240px|''Charles I, King of England, from Three Angles'' by Anthony van Dyck. ]]

[[Image:Van Dyck Charles I from Three Angles.jpg|thumb|240px|''Charles I, King of England, from Three Angles'' by Anthony van Dyck.]]

'''English Painting''' has a long and rich history. It is believed that [[English]] painting had been influenced by the [[Celts]]; however some scholars affirm that real English painting started in the 18th century; this is because the most important painters who worked before in England were foreigners ([[Hans Holbein the Younger]], [[Anthony van Dyck]], etc.), from mainland Europe, and painting was essentially an aristocratic matter (Works from the masters of Italian Renaissance were in the collections of the Earl of Arundel and the Duke of Buckingham). Nineteenth Century, "The Great Century of British Painting", produced a variety of outstanding works. J.M.W. Turner and John Constable influenced not only subsequent generations of British painters, but American and European as well. [[Portraits]] and [[landscape]] painting have been the great English specialism. In late XIX century, [[Sir Lawrence Alma Tadema]], a classical-subject Dutch painter, the most successful of the Victorian era, enriched English painting (in some list he appears as English painter). <ref>[http://victorianartinbritain.co.uk/artists.htm Short Biographies of Leading Victorian Painters]</ref>

'''English Painting''' has a long and rich history. It is believed that [[English]] painting had been influenced by the [[Celts]]; however some scholars affirm that real English painting started in the 18th century; this is because the most important painters who worked before in England were foreigners ([[Hans Holbein the Younger]], [[Anthony van Dyck]], etc.), from mainland Europe, and painting was essentially an aristocratic matter (Works from the masters of Italian Renaissance were in the collections of the Earl of Arundel and the Duke of Buckingham). Nineteenth Century, "The Great Century of British Painting", produced a variety of outstanding works. J.M.W. Turner and John Constable influenced not only subsequent generations of British painters, but American and European as well. [[Portraits]] and [[landscape]] painting have been the great English specialism. In late XIX century, [[Sir Lawrence Alma Tadema]], a classical-subject Dutch painter, the most successful of the Victorian era, enriched English painting (in some list he appears as English painter).<ref>[http://victorianartinbritain.co.uk/artists.htm Short Biographies of Leading Victorian Painters]</ref>

[[Victorian Age|Victorian]] watercolors (c. 1835 - c. 1900), was an era in which the English watercolor tradition reach such popularity that everyone from the Royal couple Queen Victoria and Prince Albert to common schoolchildren was ''"en plain air"'' painting the English countryside; paintings by W. Turner, David Cox and Peter DeWint increased their prices. <ref>[http://www.handprint.com/HP/WCL/artist12.html Victorian watercolors]</ref>  

[[Victorian Age|Victorian]] watercolors (c. 1835 - c. 1900), was an era in which the English watercolor tradition reach such popularity that everyone from the Royal couple Queen Victoria and Prince Albert to common schoolchildren was ''"en plain air"'' painting the English countryside; paintings by W. Turner, David Cox and Peter DeWint increased their prices.<ref>[http://www.handprint.com/HP/WCL/artist12.html Victorian watercolors]</ref>  

[[Image:Foster Burnham Beeches.jpg|thumb|Watercolor: ''Burnham Beeches'' by Miles Birket Foster (1825-1899)]]

[[Image:Foster Burnham Beeches.jpg|thumb|Watercolor: ''Burnham Beeches'' by Miles Birket Foster (1825-1899)]]

[[Image:Reynolds Nelly O'Brien.jpg|thumb|Portrait of Nelly O'Brien]]

[[Image:Reynolds Nelly O'Brien.jpg|thumb|Portrait of Nelly O'Brien]]

[[Sir Joshua Reynolds]] (Plympton, Devon 1723- London 1792) was an English Rococo Painter and distinguished member of London's intellectual society.  By 1760, Reynolds had become the most popular portrait painter in London. In 1768, he founded with Thomas Gainsborough the Royal Academy of Arts. In 1784, Reynolds was appointed principal royal portrait painter. He was already been knighted since 1769. <ref>[http://www.britainexpress.com/History/bio/reynolds.htm Joshua Reynolds]</ref>

[[Sir Joshua Reynolds]] (Plympton, Devon 1723- London 1792) was an English Rococo Painter and distinguished member of London's intellectual society.  By 1760, Reynolds had become the most popular portrait painter in London. In 1768, he founded with Thomas Gainsborough the Royal Academy of Arts. In 1784, Reynolds was appointed principal royal portrait painter. He was already been knighted since 1769.<ref>[http://www.britainexpress.com/History/bio/reynolds.htm Joshua Reynolds]</ref>

Reynolds' works show an exceptional combination of emotions and technique. Often portraiture with subjects related to Greek and Roman deities, or men, children and women in a wonderful colorist style.     

Reynolds' works show an exceptional combination of emotions and technique. Often portraiture with subjects related to Greek and Roman deities, or men, children and women in a wonderful colorist style.     

Creativity, diversity and originality is present in his painting. Portrait of Nelly O’Brien (Wallace collection) is considered one of his masterpieces.  

Creativity, diversity and originality is present in his painting. Portrait of Nelly O’Brien (Wallace collection) is considered one of his masterpieces.  

Since 1912, an statue of him is in the courtyard of the Royal Academy. <ref>[http://www.abcgallery.com/R/reynolds/reynoldsbio.html Sir Joshua Reynolds] Olga's Gallery.</ref>  

Since 1912, an statue of him is in the courtyard of the Royal Academy.<ref>[http://www.abcgallery.com/R/reynolds/reynoldsbio.html Sir Joshua Reynolds] Olga's Gallery.</ref>  

[[Image:Reynolds Lady Caroline Howard.jpg|left|100px]]  

[[Image:Reynolds Lady Caroline Howard.jpg|left|100px]]  

 

 

 

Lady Caroline Howard.

Lady Caroline Howard.

=== Thomas Gainsborough ===

=== Thomas Gainsborough ===

[[Image:Gainsborough Lady Georgiana Cavendish pd.jpg|thumb|Lady Georgiana Cavendish, 1787.]]

[[Image:Gainsborough Lady Georgiana Cavendish pd.jpg|thumb|Lady Georgiana Cavendish, 1787.]]

[[Thomas Gainsborough]] (Sudbury, Suffolk, 1727 – London, 1788) was a landscape and portrait painter, considered one of the great English masters. In the aristocratic spa town of Bath and later in London, he became well-known for [[portraits]] like ''Mrs. Philip Thicknesse (1760), Mary, Countess Howe (about 1763-4), The Blue Boy (exhibited R.A. 1770), and the landscape The Harvest Wagon (exhibited S.A. 1767). In 1768 he became one of the foundation members of the Royal Academy, at which he exhibited annually until 1784''. <ref>[http://www.abcgallery.com/G/gainsborough/gainsboroughbio.html Biography of Thomas Gainsborough] </ref>

[[Thomas Gainsborough]] (Sudbury, Suffolk, 1727 – London, 1788) was a landscape and portrait painter, considered one of the great English masters. In the aristocratic spa town of Bath and later in London, he became well-known for [[portraits]] like ''Mrs. Philip Thicknesse (1760), Mary, Countess Howe (about 1763-4), The Blue Boy (exhibited R.A. 1770), and the landscape The Harvest Wagon (exhibited S.A. 1767). In 1768 he became one of the foundation members of the Royal Academy, at which he exhibited annually until 1784''.<ref>[http://www.abcgallery.com/G/gainsborough/gainsboroughbio.html Biography of Thomas Gainsborough]</ref>

In 1780, Gainsborough painted the King George III and Queen Charlotte, becoming the Royal Family's favorite painter. ''Before his death in 1788, he turned from portraiture to pictorial compositions, producing in all some 200 landscapes in addition to his prolific output of about 800 portraits of the English aristocracy.'' <ref>[http://www.britainexpress.com/History/bio/gainsborough.htm Thomas Gainsborough]</ref> Gainsborough is the master of the English [[Rococo]].

In 1780, Gainsborough painted the King George III and Queen Charlotte, becoming the Royal Family's favorite painter. ''Before his death in 1788, he turned from portraiture to pictorial compositions, producing in all some 200 landscapes in addition to his prolific output of about 800 portraits of the English aristocracy.'' <ref>[http://www.britainexpress.com/History/bio/gainsborough.htm Thomas Gainsborough]</ref> Gainsborough is the master of the English [[Rococo]].

After W. Turner’s death, in 1856, the "Turner Bequest" was settled by a decree; this contains around 300 oil paintings and nearly 30,000 sketches and watercolors by his own hand, all found in his studio.  

After W. Turner’s death, in 1856, the "Turner Bequest" was settled by a decree; this contains around 300 oil paintings and nearly 30,000 sketches and watercolors by his own hand, all found in his studio.  

It is said that Turner created landscape paintings that are revolutionary even today. <ref>[http://www.handprint.com/HP/WCL/artist05.html Joseph Mallord William Turner] Watercolor

It is said that Turner created landscape paintings that are revolutionary even today.<ref>[http://www.handprint.com/HP/WCL/artist05.html Joseph Mallord William Turner] Watercolor

artists. </ref>  He is considered not only Britain's greatest painter but arguably the finest landscape and marine painter ever. [http://www.turnersociety.org.uk/]  

artists.</ref>  He is considered not only Britain's greatest painter but arguably the finest landscape and marine painter ever. [http://www.turnersociety.org.uk/]  

Turner anticipated French [[Impressionism]].  

Turner anticipated French [[Impressionism]].  

   

   

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In the 1870s he produced a remarkable series of landscapes of Argenteuil, where he was living, one of which, The Bridge at Argenteuil (1872; Brooks Memorial Gallery, Memphis, USA) was bought by Manet. Towards the end of the decade Monet was beginning to have a considerable influence on him, and a series of landscape paintings of the area around Paris, including Marly, Bougival and Louveciennes (1876; Floods at Port-Marly, Musée d'Orsay), shows the way in which his dominent and evident lyricism still respects the demands of the subject-matter. <ref> [http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/sisley Sisley, Alfred.]</ref>  

In the 1870s he produced a remarkable series of landscapes of Argenteuil, where he was living, one of which, The Bridge at Argenteuil (1872; Brooks Memorial Gallery, Memphis, USA) was bought by Manet. Towards the end of the decade Monet was beginning to have a considerable influence on him, and a series of landscape paintings of the area around Paris, including Marly, Bougival and Louveciennes (1876; Floods at Port-Marly, Musée d'Orsay), shows the way in which his dominent and evident lyricism still respects the demands of the subject-matter.<ref>[http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/sisley Sisley, Alfred.]</ref>  

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