Changes

The new  boundary ran along the Sabine River from the Gulf of Mexico north to the 32nd parallel; thence north to the Red River, along it to the 100th meridian; north to the Arkansas River and along it to its source; thence to the 42nd parallel; and west on that line to the Pacific Ocean.  

The new  boundary ran along the Sabine River from the Gulf of Mexico north to the 32nd parallel; thence north to the Red River, along it to the 100th meridian; north to the Arkansas River and along it to its source; thence to the 42nd parallel; and west on that line to the Pacific Ocean.  

Spain had long rejected repeated American efforts to purchase Florida. Finally exhausted by European wars and colonial revolutions, and unwilling to invest in Florida, cut its losses and gained a secure boundary for Mexico.  Spain had almost no presence of Florida and was unable to stop [[Seminole]] Indians who raided into the U.S. In 1818 [[Andrew Jackson]]'s moved into the Floridas temporarily to stop the Indian raids. Britain declined to assist Spain in the negotiations. The ministers of King Ferdinand VII (reigned (1808-33) at first refused to ratify the treaty. The Spanish argued that James Long's 1819 filibustering expedition into Texas was a violation; Washington disavowed Long's actions. Spain's real goal was to stop American recognition of the independence of breakway colonies in Latin America. When Ferdinand lost some powers and became a constitutional monarch in 1820, his council was obliged to approve the treaty. Ratification became official in 1821.

Spain had long rejected repeated American efforts to purchase Florida. Finally exhausted by European wars and colonial revolutions, and unwilling to invest in Florida, cut its losses and gained a secure boundary for Mexico.  Spain had almost no presence of Florida and was unable to stop [[Seminole]] Indians who raided into the U.S. In 1818 [[Andrew Jackson]]'s moved into the Floridas temporarily to stop the Indian raids. Britain declined to assist Spain in the negotiations. The ministers of King Ferdinand VII (reigned (1808–33) at first refused to ratify the treaty. The Spanish argued that James Long's 1819 filibustering expedition into Texas was a violation; Washington disavowed Long's actions. Spain's real goal was to stop American recognition of the independence of breakway colonies in Latin America. When Ferdinand lost some powers and became a constitutional monarch in 1820, his council was obliged to approve the treaty. Ratification became official in 1821.

Adams more than anyone else was responsible for the treaty. He was the architect of a sophisticated strategy which combined diplomatic and military means to bring Spain to terms. Adams also directed an intensive public relations campaign which maintained public and Congressional support for the administration's policy.<ref> See Weeks (1986) </ref>

Adams more than anyone else was responsible for the treaty. He was the architect of a sophisticated strategy which combined diplomatic and military means to bring Spain to terms. Adams also directed an intensive public relations campaign which maintained public and Congressional support for the administration's policy.<ref>See Weeks (1986)</ref>

Washington set up a commission, 1821 to 1824, that handled American claims against Spain. Many notable lawyers, including [[Daniel Webster]] and [[William Wirt]], represented claimants before the commission. During its term, the commission examined 1,859 claims arising from over 720 spoliation incidents, and distributed the $5 million in a basically fair manner.<ref> Cash (1998)</ref>

Washington set up a commission, 1821 to 1824, that handled American claims against Spain. Many notable lawyers, including [[Daniel Webster]] and [[William Wirt]], represented claimants before the commission. During its term, the commission examined 1,859 claims arising from over 720 spoliation incidents, and distributed the $5 million in a basically fair manner.<ref>Cash (1998)</ref>

The treaty reduced tensions with Spain (and after 1821  Mexico), and allowed budget cutters in Congress to reduce the army budget and reject the plans to modernize and expand the army proposed by Secretary of War [[John C. Calhoun]].

The treaty reduced tensions with Spain (and after 1821  Mexico), and allowed budget cutters in Congress to reduce the army budget and reject the plans to modernize and expand the army proposed by Secretary of War [[John C. Calhoun]].