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| − | The '''Carpathian Basin Rovas''' /kaːˈpeɪθjən ˈbeɪsn rovaːʃ/ script is an extinct writing system. It was was revitalized in 2009. This scripts is a kind of the [[Hungarian scripts]]. Based on the archaeological relics the use of Carpathian Basin Rovas is proved in the 7th - 11th centuries. The clear majority of the historical texts on the relics are in Hungarian. However, there are some inscriptions also in Onogur, As-Alan, Slavic, and Eurasian Avar as well. The Carpathian Basin Rovas belongs to the [[Rovas_Script_Family|family of the Rovas scripts]], it is close relative to the [[Steppean Rovas]]. | + | The '''Carpathian Basin Rovas''' /kaːˈpeɪθjən ˈbeɪsn rovaːʃ/ script is an extinct writing system. It was was revitalized in 2009. This scripts is a kind of the [[Hungarian scripts]]. Based on the archaeological relics the use of Carpathian Basin Rovas is proved in the 7th - 11th centuries. The clear majority of the historical texts on the relics are in Hungarian. However, there are some inscriptions also in Onogur, As-Alan, Slavic, and Eurasian Avar as well. The Carpathian Basin Rovas belongs to the [[Rovas Script Family|family of the Rovas scripts]], it is close relative to the [[Steppean Rovas]]. |
| | | | |
| | == Character repertoire == | | == Character repertoire == |
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| | ! Carpathian Basin Rovas character ||Character name||Historical sound value||Example | | ! Carpathian Basin Rovas character ||Character name||Historical sound value||Example |
| | |- align="center" | | |- align="center" |
| − | |||A||/a/||[[Nagyszentmiklós_Rovas_inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] | + | |||A||/a/||[[Nagyszentmiklós Rovas inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] |
| | |- align="center" | | |- align="center" |
| − | |||B||/b/||Szarvas, [[Nagyszentmiklós_Rovas_inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] | + | |||B||/b/||Szarvas, [[Nagyszentmiklós Rovas inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] |
| | |- align="center" | | |- align="center" |
| − | |||D||/d/||Környe, Szarvas, [[Nagyszentmiklós_Rovas_inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] | + | |||D||/d/||Környe, Szarvas, [[Nagyszentmiklós Rovas inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] |
| | |- align="center" | | |- align="center" |
| − | |||FORKED E||/a/,/ɛ/||Szarvas, [[Nagyszentmiklós_Rovas_inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] | + | |||FORKED E||/a/,/ɛ/||Szarvas, [[Nagyszentmiklós Rovas inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] |
| | |- align="center" | | |- align="center" |
| | |||F||/f/||Szarvas | | |||F||/f/||Szarvas |
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| | |||SHORT G||/g/||Szarvas | | |||SHORT G||/g/||Szarvas |
| | |- align="center" | | |- align="center" |
| − | |||H||/x/||[[Nagyszentmiklós_Rovas_inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] | + | |||H||/x/||[[Nagyszentmiklós Rovas inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] |
| | |- align="center" | | |- align="center" |
| − | |||CH||/x/||[[Nagyszentmiklós_Rovas_inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] | + | |||CH||/x/||[[Nagyszentmiklós Rovas inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] |
| | |- align="center" | | |- align="center" |
| | |||ANGLED I||/i/||Szarvas | | |||ANGLED I||/i/||Szarvas |
| | |- align="center" | | |- align="center" |
| − | |||ARCHED I||/i/||[[Nagyszentmiklós_Rovas_inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] | + | |||ARCHED I||/i/||[[Nagyszentmiklós Rovas inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] |
| | |- align="center" | | |- align="center" |
| | |||J||/j/||Szarvas | | |||J||/j/||Szarvas |
| | |- align="center" | | |- align="center" |
| − | |||OPEN K||/k/||Szarvas, [[Nagyszentmiklós_Rovas_inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] | + | |||OPEN K||/k/||Szarvas, [[Nagyszentmiklós Rovas inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] |
| | |- align="center" | | |- align="center" |
| − | |||KUE||/ky/||[[Nagyszentmiklós_Rovas_inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] | + | |||KUE||/ky/||[[Nagyszentmiklós Rovas inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] |
| | |- align="center" | | |- align="center" |
| | |||L||/l/||Szarvas | | |||L||/l/||Szarvas |
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| | |||SIMPLE L||/l/||Környe | | |||SIMPLE L||/l/||Környe |
| | |- align="center" | | |- align="center" |
| − | |||M||/m/||Szarvas, [[Nagyszentmiklós_Rovas_inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] | + | |||M||/m/||Szarvas, [[Nagyszentmiklós Rovas inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] |
| | |- align="center" | | |- align="center" |
| − | |||N||/n/,/ɲ/||Szarvas, [[Nagyszentmiklós_Rovas_inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] | + | |||N||/n/,/ɲ/||Szarvas, [[Nagyszentmiklós Rovas inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] |
| | |- align="center" | | |- align="center" |
| − | |||NY||/n/,/ɲ/||[[Nagyszentmiklós_Rovas_inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] | + | |||NY||/n/,/ɲ/||[[Nagyszentmiklós Rovas inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] |
| | |- align="center" | | |- align="center" |
| − | |||O||/o/,/u/||[[Nagyszentmiklós_Rovas_inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] | + | |||O||/o/,/u/||[[Nagyszentmiklós Rovas inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] |
| | |- align="center" | | |- align="center" |
| − | |||GH||/ɣ/||Környe, Szarvas, [[Nagyszentmiklós_Rovas_inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] | + | |||GH||/ɣ/||Környe, Szarvas, [[Nagyszentmiklós Rovas inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] |
| | |- align="center" | | |- align="center" |
| − | |||CLOSE R||/r/||Szarvas, [[Nagyszentmiklós_Rovas_inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] | + | |||CLOSE R||/r/||Szarvas, [[Nagyszentmiklós Rovas inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] |
| | |- align="center" | | |- align="center" |
| − | |||S||/ʃ/||[[Nagyszentmiklós_Rovas_inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] | + | |||S||/ʃ/||[[Nagyszentmiklós Rovas inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] |
| | |- align="center" | | |- align="center" |
| − | |||SZ||/s/||Jánoshida, Ozora, Szarvas, [[Nagyszentmiklós_Rovas_inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] | + | |||SZ||/s/||Jánoshida, Ozora, Szarvas, [[Nagyszentmiklós Rovas inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] |
| | |- align="center" | | |- align="center" |
| − | |||CLOSE T||/t/||Szarvas, [[Nagyszentmiklós_Rovas_inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] | + | |||CLOSE T||/t/||Szarvas, [[Nagyszentmiklós Rovas inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] |
| | |- align="center" | | |- align="center" |
| | |||ANGLED T||/t/||Kunágota, Ozora, Környe, Kiskőrös | | |||ANGLED T||/t/||Kunágota, Ozora, Környe, Kiskőrös |
| | |- align="center" | | |- align="center" |
| − | |||U||/w/||[[Nagyszentmiklós_Rovas_inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] | + | |||U||/w/||[[Nagyszentmiklós Rovas inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] |
| | |- align="center" | | |- align="center" |
| − | |||RAISED U||/o/||[[Nagyszentmiklós_Rovas_inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] | + | |||RAISED U||/o/||[[Nagyszentmiklós Rovas inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] |
| | |- align="center" | | |- align="center" |
| − | |||UE||/y/||Jánoshida, Szarvas, [[Nagyszentmiklós_Rovas_inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] | + | |||UE||/y/||Jánoshida, Szarvas, [[Nagyszentmiklós Rovas inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] |
| | |- align="center" | | |- align="center" |
| − | |||OPEN V||/β/||Környe, Szarvas, [[Nagyszentmiklós_Rovas_inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] | + | |||OPEN V||/β/||Környe, Szarvas, [[Nagyszentmiklós Rovas inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] |
| | |- align="center" | | |- align="center" |
| − | |||Z||/z/||Szarvas, [[Nagyszentmiklós_Rovas_inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] | + | |||Z||/z/||Szarvas, [[Nagyszentmiklós Rovas inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós]] |
| | | | |
| | |} | | |} |
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| | == The Carpathian Basin Rovas relics == | | == The Carpathian Basin Rovas relics == |
| | * '''Silver mug of Kunágota'''<ref>Garam, Éva (1976): Adatok a későavarkor és az avar fejedelmi sírok régészeti és történeti kérdéseihez. In: Folia Archeologica XXVII. évf. (~), 1976, pp. 143-144</ref> | | * '''Silver mug of Kunágota'''<ref>Garam, Éva (1976): Adatok a későavarkor és az avar fejedelmi sírok régészeti és történeti kérdéseihez. In: Folia Archeologica XXVII. évf. (~), 1976, pp. 143-144</ref> |
| − | ** ''Date'': the beginning of the [[7th century]<ref>Bóna, István (1982-83): Szolnok Megyei Múzeumi Évkönyv 1982-83. vol. 98, p. 140</ref> | + | ** ''Date'': the beginning of the [[7th century]]<ref>Bóna, István (1982-83): Szolnok Megyei Múzeumi Évkönyv 1982-83. vol. 98, p. 140</ref> |
| | ** ''Language'': (probably) Eurasian Avar | | ** ''Language'': (probably) Eurasian Avar |
| | * '''Silver vessel of Ozora-Tótipuszta'''<ref>Erdélyi, István and Ráduly, János (2010): A Kárpát-medence rovásfeliratos emlékei a Kr. u. 17. századig [The relics of the Carpathian Basin with Rovas inscriptions up to the 17th century]. Ed. István Erdélyi. Budapest: Masszi Kiadó. ISBN 978-963-9851-28-3</ref> | | * '''Silver vessel of Ozora-Tótipuszta'''<ref>Erdélyi, István and Ráduly, János (2010): A Kárpát-medence rovásfeliratos emlékei a Kr. u. 17. századig [The relics of the Carpathian Basin with Rovas inscriptions up to the 17th century]. Ed. István Erdélyi. Budapest: Masszi Kiadó. ISBN 978-963-9851-28-3</ref> |
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| | ** ''Date'': the end of the 7th century | | ** ''Date'': the end of the 7th century |
| | ** ''Language'': [[Hungarian]] (the first known inscription in Hungarian) | | ** ''Language'': [[Hungarian]] (the first known inscription in Hungarian) |
| − | * '''[[Szarvas_Rovas_inscription|Szarvas Rovas inscription]]''' | + | * '''[[Szarvas Rovas inscription]]''' |
| | ** ''Date'': second half of the 8th century | | ** ''Date'': second half of the 8th century |
| | ** ''Language'': [[Hungarian]] | | ** ''Language'': [[Hungarian]] |
| − | * '''[[Nagyszentmiklós_Rovas_inscriptions|Nagyszentmiklós Rovas inscriptions]]''' | + | * '''[[Nagyszentmiklós Rovas inscriptions]]''' |
| − | ** ''Date'': 9<sup>th</sup>-10<sup>th</sup> c. | + | ** ''Date'': 9th-10th c. |
| | ** ''Language'': The clear majority of the inscriptions are in [[Hungarian]]; however, there are some (probably Onogur) words, three [[Slavic languages|Slavic]] words and one As/Alan word. | | ** ''Language'': The clear majority of the inscriptions are in [[Hungarian]]; however, there are some (probably Onogur) words, three [[Slavic languages|Slavic]] words and one As/Alan word. |
| | * '''Pot fragment of Torja'''<ref>Székely, Zoltán (1996): Árpád-kori rovásjelek a Székelyföldről [Arpadian age Rovas signs from Szekelyland]. In: Acta Vol. I., Székely Nemzeti Múzeum [Szekely National Museum], Sepsiszentgyörgy, 1996, pp. 171-174</ref> | | * '''Pot fragment of Torja'''<ref>Székely, Zoltán (1996): Árpád-kori rovásjelek a Székelyföldről [Arpadian age Rovas signs from Szekelyland]. In: Acta Vol. I., Székely Nemzeti Múzeum [Szekely National Museum], Sepsiszentgyörgy, 1996, pp. 171-174</ref> |
| − | ** ''Date'': 11<sup>th</sup> c. | + | ** ''Date'': 11th c. |
| | ** ''Language'': [[Hungarian]] | | ** ''Language'': [[Hungarian]] |
| | | | |
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| | == References == | | == References == |
| | | | |
| − | * Németh, Gyula (1932): A nagyszentmiklósi kincs feliratai [The inscriptions of the Nagyszentmiklós treasure], In: Magyar Nyelv [Hungarian Language] Vol. XXVIII, N. 3-6, 1932, pp. 65–85 and 129-139. | + | * Németh, Gyula (1932): A nagyszentmiklósi kincs feliratai [The inscriptions of the Nagyszentmiklós treasure], In: Magyar Nyelv [Hungarian Language] Vol. XXVIII, N. 3-6, 1932, pp. 65–85 and 129-139. |
| | * Bálint, Csanád (2002): A nagyszentmiklósi kincs [Treasure of Nagyszentmiklós]. In: História, Vol. 2002. No. 3, Budapest: História Foundation. | | * Bálint, Csanád (2002): A nagyszentmiklósi kincs [Treasure of Nagyszentmiklós]. In: História, Vol. 2002. No. 3, Budapest: História Foundation. |
| − | * Bóna, István (1984): A XIX. század nagy avar leletei. Die grossen Awarenfunde des 19. Jahrhunderts. Szolnok Megyei Múzeumi Évkönyv 1982-1983 (1984) pp. 81–160 | + | * Bóna, István (1984): A XIX. század nagy avar leletei. Die grossen Awarenfunde des 19. Jahrhunderts. Szolnok Megyei Múzeumi Évkönyv 1982-1983 (1984) pp. 81–160 |
| | * Vékony, Gábor (1987): Későnépvándorláskori rovásfeliratok a Kárpát-medencében [Rovas inscriptions from the Late Migration Period in the Carpathian Basin]. Szombathely-Budapest | | * Vékony, Gábor (1987): Későnépvándorláskori rovásfeliratok a Kárpát-medencében [Rovas inscriptions from the Late Migration Period in the Carpathian Basin]. Szombathely-Budapest |
| − | * Vékony, Gábor (1987): Spätvölkerwanderungszeitliche Kerbinschriften im Karpatenbecken. Acta Acheologica Hungarica Vol. 39, pp. 211–256. | + | * Vékony, Gábor (1987): Spätvölkerwanderungszeitliche Kerbinschriften im Karpatenbecken. Acta Acheologica Hungarica Vol. 39, pp. 211–256. |
| | * Róna-Tas, András (1996): A honfoglaló magyar nép [The landtaking Hungarian nation]. Bevezetés a korai Magyar történelem ismeretébe [Introduction to the knowledge of the early Hungarian history]. Budapest: Balassi Kiadó, ISBN 963 506 106 4 | | * Róna-Tas, András (1996): A honfoglaló magyar nép [The landtaking Hungarian nation]. Bevezetés a korai Magyar történelem ismeretébe [Introduction to the knowledge of the early Hungarian history]. Budapest: Balassi Kiadó, ISBN 963 506 106 4 |
| | * Gábor Hosszú (2011): ''Heritage of Scribes. The Relation of Rovas Scripts to Eurasian Writing Systems.'' First edition. Budapest: Rovas Foundation, ISBN 978-963-88437-4-6, fully available from Google Books at http://books.google.hu/books?id=TyK8azCqC34C&pg=PA107 | | * Gábor Hosszú (2011): ''Heritage of Scribes. The Relation of Rovas Scripts to Eurasian Writing Systems.'' First edition. Budapest: Rovas Foundation, ISBN 978-963-88437-4-6, fully available from Google Books at http://books.google.hu/books?id=TyK8azCqC34C&pg=PA107 |
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| | | | |
| | == Notes == | | == Notes == |
| − | <references> | + | <references/> |
| | | | |
| | [[Category:Writing systems]][[Category:Alphabets]][[Category:Rovas scripts]] | | [[Category:Writing systems]][[Category:Alphabets]][[Category:Rovas scripts]] |