'''[[Ponzi scheme|Ponzi schemes]]''' do not require the victims to be dishonest. Instead they have total confidence in the swindler who pays off the firt round of suckers with money given by the second round. Some Ponzi schemes have tricked victims out of billions of dollars, as in the case of Bernard Madoff, who was caught in 2008.
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'''[[Ponzi scheme]]s''' do not require the victims to be dishonest. Instead they have total confidence in the swindler who pays off the firt round of suckers with money given by the second round. Some Ponzi schemes have tricked victims out of billions of dollars, as in the case of Bernard Madoff, who was caught in 2008.
==References==
==References==
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Maurer, David ''The Big Con: The Story of the Confidence Man,'' (1940)
Maurer, David ''The Big Con: The Story of the Confidence Man,'' (1940)