Changes

The most recent scholarly study is Kevin Kenny, ''Making Sense of the Molly Maguires'' (1998). Kenny believes the Mollies were guilty, but that the trials were unfair because of poor defensive lawyers. He claims the killings reflected premodern Irish traditions of "justice" against ethnic foes (especially the Welsh) and argues the Mollies arose only after the union collapsed. Other leftist historians condemn the persecution of the Mollies as an attack on labor unions.  

The most recent scholarly study is Kevin Kenny, ''Making Sense of the Molly Maguires'' (1998). Kenny believes the Mollies were guilty, but that the trials were unfair because of poor defensive lawyers. He claims the killings reflected premodern Irish traditions of "justice" against ethnic foes (especially the Welsh) and argues the Mollies arose only after the union collapsed. Other leftist historians condemn the persecution of the Mollies as an attack on labor unions.  

==External link==

==External links==

* [http://tigger.uic.edu/~rjensen/molly.htm  Rhodes, James Ford. ''History of the United States of America, From the Compromise of 1850 to the McKinley-Bryan Campaign of 1896: Vol 8: 1877-1896'' (1919) Chapter 2] , classic history with expanded modern bibliography

* [http://tigger.uic.edu/~rjensen/molly.htm  Rhodes, James Ford. ''History of the United States of America, From the Compromise of 1850 to the McKinley-Bryan Campaign of 1896: Vol 8: 1877-1896'' (1919) Chapter 2] , classic history with expanded modern bibliography

==Further reading==

==Further reading==

* Rhodes, James Ford. ''History of the United States of America, From the Compromise of 1850 to the McKinley-Bryan Campaign of 1896: Vol 8: 1877-1896'' (1919) Chapter 2. [http://tigger.uic.edu/~rjensen/molly.htm online]

* Rhodes, James Ford. ''History of the United States of America, From the Compromise of 1850 to the McKinley-Bryan Campaign of 1896: Vol 8: 1877-1896'' (1919) Chapter 2. [http://tigger.uic.edu/~rjensen/molly.htm online]

* Orth, Samuel P. ''The Armies of Labor'' (1920) ch 4 has good overview of late 19th century labor history [http://books.google.com/books?id=BscpAAAAYAAJ&dq=intitle:armies+inauthor:orth&lr=&as_drrb_is=q&as_minm_is=0&as_miny_is=&as_maxm_is=0&as_maxy_is=&num=30&as_brr=0 online edition]

* Orth, Samuel P. ''The Armies of Labor'' (1920) ch 4 has good overview of late 19th century labor history [http://books.google.com/books?id=BscpAAAAYAAJ&dq=intitle:armies+inauthor:orth&lr=&as_drrb_is=q&as_minm_is=0&as_miny_is=&as_maxm_is=0&as_maxy_is=&num=30&as_brr=0 online edition]

[[Category:crime]]

[[Category:Crime]]

[[Category:Coal mining]]

[[Category:Coal mining]]

[[category:Irish-Americans]]

[[Category:Irish-Americans]]