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A '''tornado''' is a violent rotating column of [[air]] extending from a [[thunderstorm]] to the ground. The most violent tornadoes are capable of tremendous destruction with [[wind]] speeds of up to 400 mph. They can destroy large [[architecture]], uproot [[tree]]s and hurl [[car]]s hundreds of yards. They can also drive straw into trees. Damage paths can be in excess of one mile wide to 50 miles long. In an average year, 1000 tornadoes are reported nationwide.
A '''tornado''' is a violent rotating column of [[air]] extending from a [[thunderstorm]] to the ground. The most violent tornadoes are capable of tremendous destruction with [[wind]] speeds of up to 400 mph. They can destroy large [[architecture]], uproot [[tree]]s and hurl [[car]]s hundreds of yards. They can also drive straw into trees. Damage paths can be in excess of one mile wide to 50 miles long. In an average year, 1000 tornadoes are reported nationwide.
==Tornado Physics==
==Tornado Physics==
Before thunderstorms develop, a change in wind direction and an increase in wind speed with increasing height creates an invisible, horizontal spinning effect in the lower [[atmosphere]]. Rising air within the updraft tilts the rotating air from horizontal to vertical. An area of rotation, 2-6 miles wide, now extends through much of the storm. Most strong and violent tornadoes form within this area of strong rotation.
Before thunderstorms develop, a change in wind direction and an increase in wind speed with increasing height creates an invisible, horizontal spinning effect in the lower [[atmosphere]]. Rising air within the updraft tilts the rotating air from horizontal to vertical. An area of rotation, 2–6 miles wide, now extends through much of the storm. Most strong and violent tornadoes form within this area of strong rotation.
{| border="1" align="center" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" width="800" style="margin-left:5px"
{| border="1" align="center" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" width="800" style="margin-left:5px"
| 207-260
| 207-260
| 32-99
| 32-99
| 0.3-0.9 mi.
| 0.3-0.9 mi.
| Devastating damage. Well-constructed houses leveled; structure with weak foundation blown off some distance; all vehicles thrown and large missiles generated from debris.
| Devastating damage. Well-constructed houses leveled; structure with weak foundation blown off some distance; all vehicles thrown and large missiles generated from debris.
|-
|-
| 261-318
| 261-318
| 100-315
| 100-315
| 1.03-3.1 mi.
| 1.03-3.1 mi.
| Catastrophic damage. Strong-frame buildings either explode or are lifted off foundations and carried considerable distance to disintegrate; automobile-sized missiles fly through the air in excess of 100 yards; small towns within the damage path are leveled.
| Catastrophic damage. Strong-frame buildings either explode or are lifted off foundations and carried considerable distance to disintegrate; automobile-sized missiles fly through the air in excess of 100 yards; small towns within the damage path are leveled.
|}
|}