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'''Argos''' was a [[city-state]] in [[ancient Greece]], largely eclipsed by [[Sparta]] in prominence and importance. Argos played a role in the mythology of the [[Trojan War]] at which time it was said to be ruled by [[Diomedes]]. "Argos" could also refer to the entire Argolid, which was the kingdom of [[Agamemnon]]. As Agamemnon was the commander of the entire Greek force, "Argos" also could refer very generally to all of allied Greece during the Trojan War. The kingdom of [[Achilles]] was sometimes referred to as "Pelasgian Argos".   

'''Argos''' was a [[city-state]] in [[ancient Greece]], largely eclipsed by [[Sparta]] in prominence and importance. Argos played a role in the mythology of the [[Trojan War]] at which time it was said to be ruled by [[Diomedes]]. "Argos" could also refer to the entire Argolid, which was the kingdom of [[Agamemnon]]. As Agamemnon was the commander of the entire Greek force, "Argos" also could refer very generally to all of allied Greece during the Trojan War. The kingdom of [[Achilles]] was sometimes referred to as "Pelasgian Argos".   

'''Bellerophon''' was the hero of [[Greek mythology]] who tamed and rode the flying horse [[Pegasus]] during his victory over the three-headed monster Chimera.  

'''Bellerophon''' was the hero of Greek mythology who tamed and rode the flying horse [[Pegasus]] during his victory over the three-headed monster Chimera.  

'''Bootes''' meaning, the ox-driver or wagoner, was a son of Ceres; inventor of the plough in the Greek mythology; and was said to have been translated along with his ox to become a [[constellation]] in the northern sky, the brightest star in which is [[Arcturus]]. <ref>{{Nuttall|Boötes}}</ref>  

'''Bootes''' meaning, the ox-driver or wagoner, was a son of Ceres; inventor of the plough in the Greek mythology; and was said to have been translated along with his ox to become a [[constellation]] in the northern sky, the brightest star in which is [[Arcturus]].<ref>{{Nuttall|Boötes}}</ref>  

'''Caeneus''' was a [[Lapith]] hero of the generation of [[Nestor]], father of [[Coronus]].  

'''Caeneus''' was a [[Lapith]] hero of the generation of [[Nestor]], father of [[Coronus]].  

'''Charon''', in [[Greek]] [[mythology]] was the [[ferryman]] of the ghosts of the dead over the [[Styx]] into [[Hades]], a grim old figure with a mean dress and a dirty beard, peremptory in exacting from the ghosts he ferried over the obolus allowed him for passage-money.<ref>{{Nuttall|Charon}}</ref>  

'''Charon''', in [[Greek]] [[mythology]] was the [[ferryman]] of the ghosts of the dead over the [[Styx]] into [[Hades]], a grim old figure with a mean dress and a dirty beard, peremptory in exacting from the ghosts he ferried over the obolus allowed him for passage-money.<ref>{{Nuttall|Charon}}</ref>  

The '''Chimera''' or '''Chimaera''' (pronounced keye-MIR-uh) was "a fire-breathing she-monster in [[Greek mythology]] having a lion's head, a goat's body, and a serpent's tail."<ref>http://mw1.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/chimera</ref> The monster was slain by Bellerophon, riding the winged horse, Pegasus. The term has multiple uses in modern [[biology]]. One prominent definition is an animal that has multiple different populations of genetically distinct [[cell]]s that originated from different [[zygote]]s. Some humans are naturally chimeric, sharing cells from a twin (often one that was never born) or a parent.<ref>http://www.theage.com.au/cgi-bin/common/popupPrintArticle.pl?path=/articles/2003/11/27/1069825920727.html </ref> In popular usage, a chimera means something deliberately created with a combination of human and animal [[cell]]s. Such combination is often opposed on [[religious]] and [[ethical]] grounds. Some [[Catholic]] bishops have argued that such [[embryo]]s should not be created but should be brought to term if created in contrast to proposed legislation in [[Great Britain]] which would allow both the creation of chimeras and outlaw the implantation of a chimera once created.<ref>http://blog.wired.com/wiredscience/2007/06/uk-catholic-bis.html </ref><ref>http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2007/06/26/nchimera126.xml </ref>  

The '''Chimera''' or '''Chimaera''' (pronounced keye-MIR-uh) was "a fire-breathing she-monster in Greek mythology having a lion's head, a goat's body, and a serpent's tail."<ref>http://mw1.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/chimera</ref> The monster was slain by Bellerophon, riding the winged horse, Pegasus. The term has multiple uses in modern [[biology]]. One prominent definition is an animal that has multiple different populations of genetically distinct [[cell]]s that originated from different [[zygote]]s. Some humans are naturally chimeric, sharing cells from a twin (often one that was never born) or a parent.<ref>http://www.theage.com.au/cgi-bin/common/popupPrintArticle.pl?path=/articles/2003/11/27/1069825920727.html</ref> In popular usage, a chimera means something deliberately created with a combination of human and animal [[cell]]s. Such combination is often opposed on [[religious]] and [[ethical]] grounds. Some [[Catholic]] bishops have argued that such [[embryo]]s should not be created but should be brought to term if created in contrast to proposed legislation in [[Great Britain]] which would allow both the creation of chimeras and outlaw the implantation of a chimera once created.<ref>http://blog.wired.com/wiredscience/2007/06/uk-catholic-bis.html</ref><ref>http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2007/06/26/nchimera126.xml</ref>  

'''Coronus''' was the son of [[Caeneus]], father of the [[Achaean]] [[Leonteus]].  

'''Coronus''' was the son of [[Caeneus]], father of the [[Achaean]] [[Leonteus]].  

'''[[Dionysus]]''' ("twice-born") was the god of wine. He was known to the Romans as [[Bacchus]].  

'''[[Dionysus]]''' ("twice-born") was the god of wine. He was known to the Romans as [[Bacchus]].  

'''Echo''' was a [[nymph]] in [[Greek mythology]]. Because of an affair she had with [[Zeus]], she was cursed by [[Hera]] to be able to speak only by repeating what she heard.  

'''Echo''' was a [[nymph]] in Greek mythology. Because of an affair she had with [[Zeus]], she was cursed by [[Hera]] to be able to speak only by repeating what she heard.  

'''[[Eurydamas]]''' was an interpreter of dreams, and father of the [[Troy|Trojans]] [[Abas]] and [[Polyidus]].  

'''[[Eurydamas]]''' was an interpreter of dreams, and father of the [[Troy|Trojans]] [[Abas]] and [[Polyidus]].  

The '''Gigantes''' (monstrous giants) are (according to the poet [[Hesiod]]) the children of [[Uranus]] and [[Gaia]]. The [[titan]]s are as well often imagined to be of great size and strength, hence the word titanic. Also the [[Cyclopes]], in mythology, are giants with one eye. [[Goliath]], the champion of the [[Philistines]], was a giant, as well as [[Gog]] the giant of the Amorites, (''og in Hebrew means "gigantic"''). <ref>Hebrew Bible</ref>.  

The '''Gigantes''' (monstrous giants) are (according to the poet [[Hesiod]]) the children of [[Uranus]] and [[Gaia]]. The [[titan]]s are as well often imagined to be of great size and strength, hence the word titanic. Also the [[Cyclopes]], in mythology, are giants with one eye. [[Goliath]], the champion of the [[Philistines]], was a giant, as well as [[Gog]] the giant of the Amorites, (''og in Hebrew means "gigantic"'').<ref>Hebrew Bible</ref>   

'''Hercules''' was the son of [[Zeus]], the king of the gods, and the mortal woman Alcmena. Possessing great strength, he was constantly tormented by Zeus' goddess wife, [[Hera]], who sought to have him killed to blot out the reminder of Zeus' infidelity. Even as an infant two snakes were sent to kill Hercules in his crib, but instead he strangled them with his great strength. Hera later made Hercules insane so that he killed his family, and, once he recovered his sanity, planned to commit suicide until [[Theseus]] convinced him not to. [[Image:Hercules.jpg|Hercules fights against a lion|thumb]] The legends of Hercules are many, including his Twelve Labors, and his eventual death due to poison through trickery and his killing of a lion. Hercules has become a major part of western culture and has had TV shows based on the character as well as many movies. The Hercules of mythology is often more savage and his character more unstable than what is usually shown in these adaptations.  

'''Hercules''' was the son of [[Zeus]], the king of the gods, and the mortal woman Alcmena. Possessing great strength, he was constantly tormented by Zeus' goddess wife, [[Hera]], who sought to have him killed to blot out the reminder of Zeus' infidelity. Even as an infant two snakes were sent to kill Hercules in his crib, but instead he strangled them with his great strength. Hera later made Hercules insane so that he killed his family, and, once he recovered his sanity, planned to commit suicide until [[Theseus]] convinced him not to. [[Image:Hercules.jpg|Hercules fights against a lion|thumb]] The legends of Hercules are many, including his Twelve Labors, and his eventual death due to poison through trickery and his killing of a lion. Hercules has become a major part of western culture and has had TV shows based on the character as well as many movies. The Hercules of mythology is often more savage and his character more unstable than what is usually shown in these adaptations.  

'''Jason''' was a person from [[pagan]] Greek mythology. He sailed (on his ship the Argo with [[Hercules]] and [[Orpheus]] and the other Argonauts) to Colchis to retrieve the [[Golden Fleece]]. King Aeetes of Colchis assigned Jason several tasks he had to perform before he could retrieve the Golden Fleece; these tasks were supposed to be impossible, but King Aeetes’s daughter [[Medea]] had fallen in love with Jason so she aided him in the tasks. With Medea’s aid (Medea was a powerful [[witch]] as well as being a princess), Jason won the Golden Fleece and he and Medea were married and he had two children by her. Later in his life, he [[divorce]]d Medea so he could marry King Creon's daughter; in revenge for this betrayal Medea killed Jason’s new bride and both of the children she had by him, leaving him to mourn their loss. <ref>Encyclopedia Mythica[http://www.pantheon.org/articles/j/jason.html]</ref> [[Jason]] is also a [[Christian name]] for a boy.  

'''Jason''' was a person from [[pagan]] Greek mythology. He sailed (on his ship the Argo with [[Hercules]] and [[Orpheus]] and the other Argonauts) to Colchis to retrieve the [[Golden Fleece]]. King Aeetes of Colchis assigned Jason several tasks he had to perform before he could retrieve the Golden Fleece; these tasks were supposed to be impossible, but King Aeetes’s daughter [[Medea]] had fallen in love with Jason so she aided him in the tasks. With Medea’s aid (Medea was a powerful [[witch]] as well as being a princess), Jason won the Golden Fleece and he and Medea were married and he had two children by her. Later in his life, he [[divorce]]d Medea so he could marry King Creon's daughter; in revenge for this betrayal Medea killed Jason’s new bride and both of the children she had by him, leaving him to mourn their loss.<ref>[http://www.pantheon.org/articles/j/jason.html Encyclopedia Mythica]</ref> [[Jason]] is also a [[Christian name]] for a boy.  

In ancient [[Crete]], the '''labyrinth''' was said to have been designed by [[Daedalus]] to hold the mythical monster, the [[Minotaur]].  

In ancient [[Crete]], the '''labyrinth''' was said to have been designed by [[Daedalus]] to hold the mythical monster, the [[Minotaur]].  

'''Memnon''' was king of [[Ethiopia]], allied to [[Troy]], during the [[Trojan War]].  

'''Memnon''' was king of [[Ethiopia]], allied to [[Troy]], during the [[Trojan War]].  

The '''Minotaur''' was half-man and half-bull. It was the offspring of Pasipha, the wife of King [[Minos]] of [[Crete]], and a bull<ref>http://www.pantheon.org/articles/m/minotaur.html</ref>. [[Poseidon]] had given a bull to Minos to sacrifice to the god, but it was so beautiful, the the king could not sacrifice it and kept it instead. As punishment, Poseidon made the queen, Pasipha, fall in love with the bull and their offspring was the minotaur. At first the minotaur wreaked havoc throughout Crete, but eventually Minos caught it and imprisoned in the labyrinth, a maze designed by the architect Daedalus that was so complex that no one could escape from it. For food, the minotaur was given fourteen Athenians every year who were put in the maze and hunted by the minotaur. After a time, however, the Athenian hero [[Theseus]] came to Crete to be fed to the minotaur, but instead, with the help of Minos' daughter Ariadne, killed it with his bare hands.  

The '''Minotaur''' was half-man and half-bull. It was the offspring of Pasipha, the wife of King [[Minos]] of [[Crete]], and a bull.<ref>http://www.pantheon.org/articles/m/minotaur.html</ref> [[Poseidon]] had given a bull to Minos to sacrifice to the god, but it was so beautiful, the the king could not sacrifice it and kept it instead. As punishment, Poseidon made the queen, Pasipha, fall in love with the bull and their offspring was the minotaur. At first the minotaur wreaked havoc throughout Crete, but eventually Minos caught it and imprisoned in the labyrinth, a maze designed by the architect Daedalus that was so complex that no one could escape from it. For food, the minotaur was given fourteen Athenians every year who were put in the maze and hunted by the minotaur. After a time, however, the Athenian hero [[Theseus]] came to Crete to be fed to the minotaur, but instead, with the help of Minos' daughter Ariadne, killed it with his bare hands.  

The [[Titan]] '''Mnemosyne''' was the mother of the [[Muse|Muses]] by [[Zeus]].  

The [[Titan]] '''Mnemosyne''' was the mother of the [[Muse]]s by [[Zeus]].  

'''Mount Olympus''' is the place of the gods in [[Greek mythology]]. It towers up from the center of the earth. Here at least twelve major gods live and hold court. The myths are vague on whether it is an actual [[mountain]] that can be traveled to by foot or only a region of the [[heaven]]s.  

'''Mount Olympus''' is the place of the gods in Greek mythology. It towers up from the center of the earth. Here at least twelve major gods live and hold court. The myths are vague on whether it is an actual [[mountain]] that can be traveled to by foot or only a region of the [[heaven]]s.  

The '''Myrmidons''' were the people of [[Phthia]] in southern [[Thessaly]]. They were ruled by [[Peleus]] and commanded during the [[Trojan War]] by [[Achilles]].  

The '''Myrmidons''' were the people of [[Phthia]] in southern [[Thessaly]]. They were ruled by [[Peleus]] and commanded during the [[Trojan War]] by [[Achilles]].  

'''Oeneus''' was king of [[Calydon]], son of [[Portheus]], father of [[Tydeus]] and [[Meleager]].  

'''Oeneus''' was king of [[Calydon]], son of [[Portheus]], father of [[Tydeus]] and [[Meleager]].  

'''Orestes''' was the son of [[Agamemnon]], commander of all the Greek forces at [[Troy]], and the grandson of [[Atreus]]<ref>http://www.pantheon.org/articles/o/orestes.html</ref>. After his father was murdered by his mother, Orestes, who was very young, went into exile. Orestes was determined to avenge his father and when he had grown up, he returned to kill his mother [[Clytemnestra]] and her new husband [[Aegisthus]], Orestes' uncle. Despite divine laws against killing family, Orestes killed them both and freed his sister [[Electra]] whom they had imprisoned. As punishment for the murders, Orestes was pursued by the [[Erinyes]] until [[Athena]] forgave him.  

'''Orestes''' was the son of [[Agamemnon]], commander of all the Greek forces at [[Troy]], and the grandson of [[Atreus]].<ref>http://www.pantheon.org/articles/o/orestes.html</ref> After his father was murdered by his mother, Orestes, who was very young, went into exile. Orestes was determined to avenge his father and when he had grown up, he returned to kill his mother [[Clytemnestra]] and her new husband [[Aegisthus]], Orestes' uncle. Despite divine laws against killing family, Orestes killed them both and freed his sister [[Electra]] whom they had imprisoned. As punishment for the murders, Orestes was pursued by the [[Erinyes]] until [[Athena]] forgave him.  

'''Orion''' was a handsome [[giant]] and [[hunter]], who was struck blind by [[Dionysus]] for attempting an outrage on [[Merope]], but recovered his eyesight on exposing his eyeballs to the arrowy rays of Aurora, and became afterwards the companion of [[Artemis]] on the hunting-field, but he fell a victim to the jealousy of [[Apollo]], the brother of Artemis, and was transformed by the latter into a constellation in the sky, where he figures as a giant wearing a [[lion's skin]] and a [[girdle]] or [[belt]] and wielding a [[club]].<ref>{{Nuttall|Orion}}</ref>

'''Orion''' was a handsome [[giant]] and [[hunter]], who was struck blind by [[Dionysus]] for attempting an outrage on [[Merope]], but recovered his eyesight on exposing his eyeballs to the arrowy rays of Aurora, and became afterwards the companion of [[Artemis]] on the hunting-field, but he fell a victim to the jealousy of [[Apollo]], the brother of Artemis, and was transformed by the latter into a constellation in the sky, where he figures as a giant wearing a [[lion's skin]] and a [[girdle]] or [[belt]] and wielding a [[club]].<ref>{{Nuttall|Orion}}</ref>

'''Pelops''' was the son of [[Tantalus]] who served him to the gods at a feast. Fortunately, the gods realized what was happening before eating Pelops, and so were able to re-assemble him. Pelops later married [[Hippodamia]] after beating her father in a chariot race. He had two sons: [[Atreus]] and [[Thyestes]].  

'''Pelops''' was the son of [[Tantalus]] who served him to the gods at a feast. Fortunately, the gods realized what was happening before eating Pelops, and so were able to re-assemble him. Pelops later married [[Hippodamia]] after beating her father in a chariot race. He had two sons: [[Atreus]] and [[Thyestes]].  

'''Perseus''' is a great hero, a [[demigod]] and the son of [[Zeus]] and Danae. He slays the [[gorgon]] Medusa and rescues [[Andromeda]]. The tale of Perseus and Medusa was artfully retold by [[Nathaniel Hawthorne]] in his story, "The Gorgon's Head."<ref>Hawthorne, Nathaniel (1852), ''A Wonder-Book for Girls and Boys.'' [http://www.ibiblio.org/eldritch/nh/wb1b.html The Gorgon's Head], online</ref> In [[astronomy]], '''Perseus''' is a not-very-conspicuous [[constellation]] located near [[Cassiopeia]]. The [[Perseids]] are an annual meteor shower, peaking on August 12th; the [[meteor]]s in this shower appear to radiate from a center in Perseus, hence the name.  

'''Perseus''' is a great hero, a [[demigod]] and the son of [[Zeus]] and Danae. He slays the [[gorgon]] Medusa and rescues [[Andromeda]]. The tale of Perseus and Medusa was artfully retold by [[Nathaniel Hawthorne]] in his story, "The Gorgon's Head."<ref>Hawthorne, Nathaniel (1852), ''A Wonder-Book for Girls and Boys.'' [http://www.ibiblio.org/eldritch/nh/wb1b.html The Gorgon's Head], online</ref> In [[astronomy]], '''Perseus''' is a not-very-conspicuous [[constellation]] located near [[Cassiopeia]]. The [[Perseids]] are an annual meteor shower, peaking on August 12; the [[meteor]]s in this shower appear to radiate from a center in Perseus, hence the name.  

'''Phaeton''' was the son of the sun god [Helios]] <ref>http://www.pantheon.org/articles/p/phaeton.html</ref>. When his mother told him who his father was, he set out to meet him and discover whether he indeed was the sun god's son. He met Helios who confirmed what his mother said, and, to prove it, swore by the river [[Styx]] that he would grant any request of Phaeton's. Unfortunately, what Phaeton wanted most was to drive the god's chariot for a day. Although Helios knew that this would be deadly folly, he had sworn by the Styx and so had no choice but to leave his son to his fate. Phaeton began driving the chariot, but quickly lost control, threatening the Earth so that [[Zeus]] was forced to kill him. This myth was used to teach what happened when mortals forgot their place and thought that they were the gods' equals.  

'''Phaeton''' was the son of the sun god [[Helios]].<ref>http://www.pantheon.org/articles/p/phaeton.html</ref> When his mother told him who his father was, he set out to meet him and discover whether he indeed was the sun god's son. He met Helios who confirmed what his mother said, and, to prove it, swore by the river [[Styx]] that he would grant any request of Phaeton's. Unfortunately, what Phaeton wanted most was to drive the god's chariot for a day. Although Helios knew that this would be deadly folly, he had sworn by the Styx and so had no choice but to leave his son to his fate. Phaeton began driving the chariot, but quickly lost control, threatening the Earth so that [[Zeus]] was forced to kill him. This myth was used to teach what happened when mortals forgot their place and thought that they were the gods' equals.  

'''Phthia''' was a sector of southern [[Thessaly]], the kingdom of [[Peleus]], and home of [[Achilles]] and the [[Myrmidons]].  

'''Phthia''' was a sector of southern [[Thessaly]], the kingdom of [[Peleus]], and home of [[Achilles]] and the [[Myrmidons]].  

[[Category:Ancient Greece]]

[[Category:Ancient Greece]]

[[Category:Greek Deities]]

[[Category:Greek Deities]]

[[Category: Mythology]]

[[Category:Mythology]]

[[Category:Astronomy]]

[[Category:Astronomy]]

[[Category:Trojan War]]

[[Category:Trojan War]]