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'''Emperor Reigen''' (9 July, 1654 - 24 September, 1732), was the 112^th [[emperor]] of [[Japan]] according to the [[List of Japanese emperors|traditional count]]. He reigned as emperor from 5 March 1663 until he abdicated the throne in favour of his son, Emperor [[Higashiyama]] on 2 May 1687.

'''Emperor Reigen''' (9 July 1654 - 24 September 1732), was the 112th [[emperor]] of [[Japan]] according to the [[List of Japanese emperors|traditional count]]. He reigned as emperor from 5 March 1663 until he abdicated the throne in favour of his son, Emperor [[Higashiyama]] on 2 May 1687.

==Name==

==Name==

No official posthumous name was assigned to the Emperor at the time of his death, as he had withdrawn to a monastery, adopting the name Sojō (<font size=3>素浄</font>). It was not until the [[Meiji]] era that scholars assigned his definitive posthumous name, using a portmanteau of the [[kanji]] of two previous Emperors, namely Emperor Kōrei (<font size=3>孝霊</font>) (290 - 215 BC) and Emperor Kōgen (<font size=3>孝元</font>) (214 - 158 BC).  

No official posthumous name was assigned to the Emperor at the time of his death, as he had withdrawn to a monastery, adopting the name Sojō (<font size=3>素浄</font>). It was not until the [[Meiji]] era that scholars assigned his definitive posthumous name, using a portmanteau of the [[kanji]] of two previous Emperors, namely Emperor Kōrei (<font size=3>孝霊</font>) (290 - 215 BC) and Emperor Kōgen (<font size=3>孝元</font>) (214 - 158 BC).  

==Early Life==

==Early life==

Emperor Reigen was born on 9 July, 1654, as Imperial Prince Satohito (<font size=3>識仁</font>), the sixteenth son of the Emperor [[Go-Mizunoo]] and the Lady-in-Waiting Fujiwara Kuniko (<font size=3>藤原国子</font>). Go-Mizunoo was the 108^th Emperor and Prince Satohito was only born after his father had abdicated the throne.

Emperor Reigen was born on 9 July 1654, as Imperial Prince Satohito (<font size=3>識仁</font>), the sixteenth son of the Emperor [[Go-Mizunoo]] and the Lady-in-Waiting Fujiwara Kuniko (<font size=3>藤原国子</font>). Go-Mizunoo was the 108th Emperor and Prince Satohito was only born after his father had abdicated the throne.

Following the forced abdication of his father in 1629, four of Emperor Go-Mizunoo's children had subsequently ascended to the [[Chrysanthemum Throne]]. Empress [[Meisho|Meishō]], who was aged just 5 when Go-Mizunoo appointed her as his successor, abdicated in favour of her younger brother, Emperor [[Go-Komyo|Go-Kōmyō]] in 1643. Go-Kōmyō, who only had a daughter, then formally adopted Prince Satohito, his half-brother, making him the heir-apparent. However, when he passed away in 1654, Satohito was too young to assume the throne. His elder brother, Emperor [[Go-Sai]], ruled temporarily, abdicating on the 26th day of the 1st month of 1663 and 10-year old Satohito became Emperor.

Following the forced abdication of his father in 1629, four of Emperor Go-Mizunoo's children had subsequently ascended to the [[Chrysanthemum Throne]]. Empress [[Meisho|Meishō]], who was aged just 5 when Go-Mizunoo appointed her as his successor, abdicated in favour of her younger brother, Emperor [[Go-Komyo|Go-Kōmyō]] in 1643. Go-Kōmyō, who only had a daughter, then formally adopted Prince Satohito, his half-brother, making him the heir-apparent. However, when he passed away in 1654, Satohito was too young to assume the throne. His elder brother, Emperor [[Go-Sai]], ruled temporarily, abdicating on the 26th day of the 1st month of 1663 and 10-year old Satohito became Emperor.

* Tenna 1 (1681) - Tokugawa Tsunayoshi in invested as the fifth shogun.

* Tenna 1 (1681) - Tokugawa Tsunayoshi in invested as the fifth shogun.

* Tenna 1 (28th day of the 12th month 1681) - The Great Tenna Fire breaks out in Edo, lasting for 45 days. It is started as an act of arson by the 14-year old Yaoya Oshichi, in an attempt to meet a man she had fallen in love with whilst sheltering at the Shōsen-in temple during a previous fire.

* Tenna 1 (28th day of the 12th month 1681) - The Great Tenna Fire breaks out in Edo, lasting for 45 days. It is started as an act of arson by the 14-year old Yaoya Oshichi, in an attempt to meet a man she had fallen in love with whilst sheltering at the Shōsen-in temple during a previous fire.

* Tenna 3 (3 March, 1683): Yaoya Oshichi is burned at the stake for arson.  

* Tenna 3 (3 March 1683): Yaoya Oshichi is burned at the stake for arson.  

* Tenna 3 (1683) - Tokugawa shogunate grants permission for Mitsui money exchanges (''ryōgaeten'') to be established in Edo.

* Tenna 3 (1683) - Tokugawa shogunate grants permission for Mitsui money exchanges (''ryōgaeten'') to be established in Edo.

* Kazuo Yamaguchi; Reigen - Rule of a Retired Emperor; Iwata modern history study series; 1998; ISBN 4872941209 (山口和夫 「霊元院政について」岩田書院、1998年） ISBN 4872941209)

* Kazuo Yamaguchi; Reigen - Rule of a Retired Emperor; Iwata modern history study series; 1998; ISBN 4872941209 (山口和夫 「霊元院政について」岩田書院、1998年） ISBN 4872941209)

[[category:Japanese Emperors]]

[[Category:Japanese Emperors]]

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