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'''Compton Scattering''' is the collision process between a [[X-ray]] or a [[gamma ray]] and a bound atomic electron where only part of the  energy of the electromagnetic ray is transferred to the electron.  

'''Compton Scattering''' is the collision process between a [[X-ray]] or a [[gamma ray]] and a bound atomic electron where only part of the  energy of the electromagnetic ray is transferred to the electron.  

The effect was at first observed by  [[Arthur Holly Compton]] in 1923 at Washington University in St. Louis and explained in his article ''"A Quantum Theory of the Scattering of X-ray by Light Elements"''<ref>Arthur H. Compton: ''A Quantum Theory of the Scattering of X-ray by Light Elements'', The Physical Review, Vol. 21, No. 5, May, 1923</ref>. Compton was rewarded the 1927 [[Nobel Prize]] in Physics for this discovery.

The effect was at first observed by  [[Arthur Holly Compton]] in 1923 at Washington University in St. Louis and explained in his article ''"A Quantum Theory of the Scattering of X-ray by Light Elements"''.<ref>Arthur H. Compton: ''A Quantum Theory of the Scattering of X-ray by Light Elements'', The Physical Review, Vol. 21, No. 5, May, 1923</ref> Compton was rewarded the 1927 [[Nobel Prize]] in Physics for this discovery.

[[File:Compton Scattering Diagram.png|thumb|246px|right]]Arthur H. Compton ''treated the x-ray photons as particles and applied conservation of energy and conservation of momentum to the collision of a photon with a stationary electron.''<ref>[http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/Hbase/quantum/compeq.html#c1 Compton Scattering Equation], ''Hyperphysics'', C. R. Nave, Georgia State University</ref>. He used  the [[Planck]] relationship and the [[E=mc²|relativistic energy expression]] to derive the ''standard Compton formula'':

[[File:Compton Scattering Diagram.png|thumb|246px|right]]Arthur H. Compton ''treated the x-ray photons as particles and applied conservation of energy and conservation of momentum to the collision of a photon with a stationary electron.''.<ref>[http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/Hbase/quantum/compeq.html#c1 Compton Scattering Equation], ''Hyperphysics'', C. R. Nave, Georgia State University</ref> He used  the [[Planck]] relationship and the [[E=mc²|relativistic energy expression]] to derive the ''standard Compton formula'':

<math>\Delta \lambda = \frac{h}{m_e c} (1-\cos \theta)</math>

<math>\Delta \lambda = \frac{h}{m_e c} (1-\cos \theta)</math>

The probability for Compton scattering is approximately proportional to the [[atomic number]] Z, and for energies greater than 500 [[keV]] approximately proportional to <math>\frac{1}{E^\gamma}</math>,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ie.lbl.gov/education/glossary/glossaryf.htm|title=Glossary of Nuclear Science Terms|accessdate=January 10, 2013}}</ref> the energy of the [[gamma ray]] [[photon]].

The probability for Compton scattering is approximately proportional to the [[atomic number]] Z, and for energies greater than 500 [[keV]] approximately proportional to <math>\frac{1}{E^\gamma}</math>,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ie.lbl.gov/education/glossary/glossaryf.htm|title=Glossary of Nuclear Science Terms|accessdate=January 10, 2013}}</ref> the energy of the [[gamma ray]] [[photon]].

== Reference ==

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[[category:physics]]

[[Category:Physics]]

[[category:Physics experiments]]

[[Category:Physics experiments]]